1. Independence for Texas
Section 2
Chapter 12

2. Clash of Cultures
Davy Crockett—Congress man from Tenn. and famous frontiersman thought he could make a new start in Texas
Conflict began over Texas soon after the Louisiana Purchase with France
Americans believed they owned Texas
In 1819 the Adam-Onis Treaty the USA agreed to drop any claims to Texas

3. Land Grants
Few people lived in Texas (3,000)
Tejanos were Mexicans who claimed Texas as their home
Several Native Americans also claimed the area
Empresarios—Spanish wanted families to move to Texas so Spain offered large land grants to people to come to Texas.
Moses Austin applied for land grant but died. His son Stephen F. Austin and began organizing his colony

5. Recruited 300 American families to settle in Texas between the Brazos River and the Colorado River---“The Old Three Hundred”
Mexico passed 3 colonization laws to stop American Immigration
Learn Spanish
Become Mexican Citizens
Covert to Catholicism

6. Growing Tension By 1830 Americans in Texas outnumbered Mexicans.
Mexican governments issues a decree (official order) that stopped immigration from the USA—even banned trade with the USA
New policy angered Texans---they depended on trade with the USA
Mexican government wants to ban slavery

7. Attempt at Reconciliation
1833 General Santa Anna became president of Mexico
Stephen Austin tries to negotiate piece with Santa Anna
Santa Anna refuses to allow Texas to become a separate state within Mexico and remove the immigration ban
Santa Anna becomes dictator

9. The Struggle for Independence
First fighting occurs in Gonzales
Texans called on volunteers to join their battle against Santa Anna
Texans scored an important victory at San Antonio
Various groups argued over who was in charge

10. The Battle of the Alamo
Santa Anna furious over the lose at San Antonio marches north
He finds a small Texan force barricaded in a nearby mission called the Alamo
February 1836
Texans lacked gunpowder and only 180 soldiers
Davie Crockett, Jim Bowie and Commander William Travis held up inside the Alamo

12. For 12 days the defenders held off the Alamo
March 6, Mexican army breaks through killing everyone except a few women and children.
The Alamo defenders had brought Texans some much needed time to regroup their forces

14. Texas Declares its Independence
On March 2, 1836, Americans and Tejanos declared their independence from Mexico and formed the Republic of Texas
David Burnet was chosen president and Lorenzo de Zavala as vice-president
Sam Houston was chosen as commander in chief of the Texas forces.
Houston order the troops at Goliad to abandon their position---they later surrender and are massacred by Santa Anna—Goliad Massacre

15. The Battle of San Jacinto
Houston moved his army eastward waiting for a chance to attack Santa Anna
Gathers his 900 troops at San Jacinto and Santa Anna and his 1300 troops were camped nearby
“Remember the Alamo—Remember Goliad”
Houston led a surprise attack killing 600 and capturing the rest. Santa Anna is captured and forced to sign a treaty giving Texas its independence—May 14, 1836

17. The Lone Star Republic Texans elect Sam Houston as President in 1836
They ask USA to annex Texas
Andrew Jackson refused to accept Texas since it would upset the balance of slave and free states

18. The Question of Annexation
Texas had huge debt and was still fighting Mexico
President Martin Van Buren also refuses to allow Texas to join the Union
President John Tyler favored allowing Texas in but the Senate refused
President Tyler fears Texas would ally itself with Britain

19. Texas Becomes a State Feeling of Manifest Destiny was growing
U.S.A gained Oregon Country
President James Polk favored annexation
December 29, 1845 Texas officially became a state