1. Lesson Starter What is the female sex cell?
* ANSWER IN SENTENCES *
What is the female sex cell?
Where is the female sex cell produced?
Where in the body does the baby grow?
What is the function of the oviduct?
What is the name given to the entrance of the vagina?

2. Reproduction in animals and plants Lesson 3

3. Lesson 3- learning intention
Menstruation and Fertilisation

4. Menstruation
Females who have reached puberty release an egg cell from one of her ovaries every 28 days- OVULATION
The uterus begins to prepare itself near the time of ovulation
The uterus gets thick and spongy- network of blood capillaries to support baby

5. Menstruation If the egg is fertilised then a baby develops
If unfertilised, the lining (and dead egg cell) breaks down and passes out through the vagina
This is called a PERIOD or MENSTRUATION and can last from 3 – 7 days

6. The menstrual cycle Can vary in length
Can cause painful cramps- uterus wall contacting
Can cause BLOATING as water can collect in body tissues
If the egg is fertilised on day 14 of the menstrual cycle then the lining of the uterus remains

7. Fertilisation
During sexual intercourse a man inserts his penis into the woman’s vagina
When a man ejaculates- semen is released into the vagina
Semen contains millions of SPERM mixed with fluid

8. Fertilisation Sperm cells released (as semen) at the top of the vagina
They swim up through the cervix then the uterus and along the fallopian tube
This takes roughly 48 hours

9. Fertilisation
If the sperm meets an egg cell in the fallopian tube then FERTILISATION can occur
Only one sperm cell can fertilise an egg cell
Approx 300 million sperm enter the female- only 100 of them reach the egg and only 1 can get in

10. Watch the video explaining how fertilisation happens in humans

11. Fertilisation
Fertilisation is when the NUCLEUS of the SPERM cell FUSES with the NUCLEUS of the EGG cell (forming a ZYGOTE)
This happens in the FALLOPIAN TUBE
The ZYGOTE continues to travel through the fallopian tube to the UTERUS

12. Development
The zygote starts to divide as it travels through the fallopian tube ( etc)
Ball of cells implants in the spongy lining of the uterus
Develops into baby

13. Complete
Complete the questions on page 8 of your notes