1. 2ND QUARTER CRT STUDY GUIDES

2. 1. What effect do animals have on the environment?
They release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

3. 2. A puppy chews on objects other than food. This type of behavior is
An inherited innate behavior

4. 3. Pheromones are released by an organism that
Affect the behavior of other animals of the same species.

5. 4. A change in ocean current causes the climate on an island to become drier. As a result, the grasses that cover the island change from dark green to light brown. Over time, how might a species of green toads that hide in the grasses and are subjected to predation respond to these changes?
Their coloration will change to brown.

6. 5. When effective insecticide is used on a population of insects, most of the insects are killed. However, a few may survive due to genes that make the resistant to the insecticide. What is the BEST explanation of why this occurs?
Insects that survived sprayings passed their resistant genes to their offspring.

7. 6. Snowshoe hares experience a change in fur color from brown in the summer to white in the winter. Which statement best describes how the appearance of a particular snowshoe hare may change after it lives in a warm climate year-round, for many generations?
It would have brown fur all year long.

8. 7. Less than ten thousand years ago, environmental changes separated some individuals of a squirrel population to one side of the Grand Canyon. Today, these squirrels now show a white tail and black belly. Their ancestors exhibited gray tails and white bellies. This difference in fur coloring most likely
Is evidence of speciation due to geographical isolation.

9. 8. What is the end result of meiosis?
Four genetically different cells are formed

10. 9. How does the number of chromosomes in egg and sperm at the end of meiosis compare with that in body cells?
They have half the number of chromosomes

11. 10. Which student correctly identified the number of chromosomes in each organism?
Gypsies Moth Guinea Pig
Haploid
Diploid 1 40 20 25 50 2 10 3 4
Student 3

12. 11. What statement describes the beginning and end products of meiosis?
One diploid cell becomes four haploid cells.

13. 12. The sperm cells of a squirrel have 20 chromosomes
12. The sperm cells of a squirrel have 20 chromosomes. How many are found in a body cell of the same animal?
40 Chromosomes

14. 13. How would a gene be described?
As the coded instructions for a trait

15. 14. What is the function of the cell part labeled X?
It contains the genetic instructions to control cell processes.

16. 15. Which student has identified correct functions of a chromosome?

17. 16. How will an organism be affected if part of its chromosome is missing?
The organism will lack the necessary information to control cell processed.

18. 17. If a scientist is trying to decide if a molecule is RNA or DNA, for what should he test?
Thymine

19. 18. The order of bases along a gene determines the order in which
Amino acids are put together to form a protein.

20. 19. What is the function of RNA?
Copy the coded message from the DNA and carry it into the cytoplasm.

21. 20. What nucleic acids are present in both DNA and RNA?
Guanine and Adenine

22. 21. A DNA molecule is being transcribed onto a RNA molecule
21. A DNA molecule is being transcribed onto a RNA molecule. The next base to be transcribed on the DNA sequence is adenine. Which base will be the complement in the RNA molecule?
Uracil

23. 22. Which strand must be DNA, and not RNA?

24. 23.

25. A science student was asked to construct models of DNA and RNA sections. Which section is correctly constructed and should be placed into a DNA strand?

26. 25. When does a mutation occur?
When there is a change in the order of the bases in an organism’s DNA

27. 26. A pea plant has alleles for green and yellow seed colors
26. A pea plant has alleles for green and yellow seed colors. According to Mendel’s law of segregation of characteristics, what must a gamete of the plant carry?
Only one allele

28. 27. A pea plant has white flowers and yellow seeds
27. A pea plant has white flowers and yellow seeds. What does Mendel’s law of independent assortment say about these traits?
Inheritance of one trait does not affect the other.

29. 28. In a cross of parents that are pure for contrasting traits, only one form of the trait will appear in the next generation. Offspring that are hybrid for a trait will have only the dominant trait in the phenotype. This is an example of which of Mendel’s laws?
Law of Dominance

30. 29. In a plant, tall (D) is the dominant allele
29. In a plant, tall (D) is the dominant allele. Short (d) is the recessive allele. Which GENOTYPE would a short offspring have? dd

31. 30. Be able to interpret a pedigree chart
MALES=SQUARES
FEMALES=CIRCLE
HAVE TRAIT=COLORED COMPLETELY IN
CARRIER=HALF COLORED IN
LINE CONNECTING TWO=MARRIED
RCOMPLETE ROW=GENERATION