1. External Forces and Climate Zones

2. External Forces Forces that occur above ground
Erosion, Sedimentation, Glaciation

3. Erosion The process by which water or wind removes earth from a region
Can cause huge agricultural problems as farmers lose their land to erosion

4. Erosion
Along oceans and rivers, can result in loss of property and arable land

5. Sedimentation
The process in which large amounts of soil gets deposited (put) in one place by a body of water
Happens often at the mouth of large rivers
Creates alluvial plains (good for agriculture)

6. The last ice age, 10,000 years ago

7. Glaciation When glaciers modify the earth
Then, when the glaciers recede, the changed land is visible
Often makes holes, that become lakes or valleys
Fjords in Scandinavia

8. What effects precipitation (rainfall)?
Physical barriers—Mountains can block rainfall
Nearness to water—The closer to water, the higher the rainfall and the humidity (even lakes)

9. Review What is one positive influence of sedimentation?
What is one negative effect of erosion?
How has glaciation changed the earth’s landscape?

10. Practice! Everybody pair will get a white board and a marker.
For every image, you will write:
What earth process is represented?
erosion, sedimentation, pr glaciation.
DON’T DESTROY MY MARKERS!
DON’T DRAW ON MY BOARDS!

19. Climate and Vegetation

20. CLIMATE REGIONS

21. Climate vs. Weather
Climate: The long term environmental conditions in an area.
Weather: The current conditions in an area

22. Climograph

23. Ice Cap
Very cold all year with permanent ice and snow

24. Tundra
Very cold winters, cold summers, and little rain or snow

25. Subarctic
A little warmer than arctic, (lower latitude) a little more rain in the summer

26. Marine West Coast
Warm summers, cool winters, and lots of rainfall all year

28. Humid Subtropical Hot, rainy summers and mild winters with some rain
Most common climate in the U.S.

29. Mixed Forest A mix of large trees (coniferous and deciduous)
Found in middle latitudes, generally receive above average rainfall

30. Temperate Grassland
Short and tall grasses adapted to warm summers and cold winters
Generally found in semi-arid climates

31. Mediterranean Warm all year with dry summers and short, rainy winters
Considered a mild or temperate climate
Common on the Mediterranean Sea
Because of its unique climate, specialty crops are grown: grapes (wine), figs, dates

32. Semiarid
Hot, dry summers and cool, dry winters

33. Arid
Hot and dry all year with very little rain

34. Tropical Wet
Hot and rainy all year
Near the equator

35. Highlands Mountainous areas
Temperature and precipitation vary with latitude and elevation

37. Tropical Wet and Dry Hot all year with rainy and dry seasons
Monsoons—season winds that bring huge amounts of precipitation

38. Warm up!
Take out your note packet from last class on climate regions. With the person sitting next to you, try to come up with the BEST EXAMPLE POSSIBLE of human-environment interaction for each climate zone.
You have 10 minutes.
While you are doing this, I will pass back your test scores.

39. Some observations from your FRQ’s
Bad— “One example of human environment interaction is Alaska.”
Good--Almost everyone labeled their sections
Bad—Trying to get two points in one section
Good—Nobody left blanks
Bad— “Human environment interaction is when humans interact with their environment,” or “One example of human environment interaction is pollution.” Too vague, BE SPECIFIC!!!
Suggestion—Make some quick notes on your paper, then pick your best answer

40. VEGETATION REGIONS
Similar to climate regions, but address the plant life that grows in different climate regions

41. Practice!
I will put examples of different climate regions up, and you will tell me which it is.