1. Southwest Asia The Middle East
7th Grade Social Studies;
Completion of Unit 2
Ottoman Empire & Establishment of Modern State of Israel)
Georgia Standard SS7H2(a.b)

2. The Middle East Historical Understandings
Standard-1
SS7H2 The student will analyze continuity and change in Southwest Asia (Middle East) leading to the 21st century.
(a) Explain how European partitioning in the Middle East after the breakup of the Ottoman Empire led to regional conflict.

3. The Middle East Historical Understandings
Establishment of the Modern State of Israel One of the areas created from the fall of the Ottoman Empire at the end of World War I was Palestine. Palestine was important to Jews, Christians, and Muslims because this is where much of what is written in the Old and New Testaments, and the Quran took place.

4. The Middle East Historical Understandings
Establishment of the Modern State of Israel cont. The British were initially given the responsibility for ruling in Palestine at the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire. Britain would be control until a decision could be made about how to establish a permanent government there.

5. The Middle East Historical Understandings
Establishment of the Modern State of Israel cont.
Most of the people living in Palestine before World War II were Palestinian Arabs.
However, since the late 1800’s large numbers of Jewish settlers had been immigrating to the area from both Western and Eastern Europe

6. The Middle East Historical Understanding
Establishment of the Modern State of Israel cont. Since the Diaspora many of the early Jewish settlers wanted to create a homeland for the world’s Jews in Palestine. They believed the land in this area had been promised to them by God many thousand of years ago through the patriarch Abraham, as told in the stories of the Old Testament.

7. The Middle East Historical Understandings
Establishment of the Modern State of Israel cont.
These groups were known as Zionists people who felt the world’s Jews deserved to return to a homeland in Zion (or those parts of Palestine where the Jewish people had lived in Biblical times).
Conflicts began to break out between the Jewish settlers and the Palestinian Arabs, as each group tried to hold on to the land.

8. The Middle East Historical Understandings
Establishment of the Modern State of Israel cont. Each religious group felt a special affinity (love) towards the land based upon their belief that it had been given to them by God through the patriarch Abraham

9. The Middle East Historical Understanding
Establishment of the Modern State of Israel cont. During World War II, the Jewish people in Europe suffered terribly at the hand of the Nazi government of Germany. There was widespread anti-Semitism (which is hatred of the Jews simply because they practiced the Jewish faith) in Europe.

10. The Middle East Historical Understanding
Establishment of the Modern State of Israel cont. Over six million European Jews were killed in concentration camps set up by Germany in WWII and many thousands of others had to leave Europe to avoid death. This terrible time came to be known as the Holocaust.

11. The Middle East Historical Understanding
Establishment of the Modern State of Israel cont. At the end of the war, the Jewish people of the world wanted to take steps to be sure nothing like this could ever happen again. Many countries around the world felt tremendous guilt over the Holocaust as they began to learn the details of what had gone on in the German-run concentration camps.

12. The Middle East Historical Understanding
Establishment of the Modern State of Israel cont. A number of Jewish groups (known as Zionists) living in Europe and the United States, even before the Holocaust, had talked of trying to set up a homeland for the Jewish people in the region of the Middle East known as Palestine.

13. FIRST FIVE Agenda Message for Wednesday October 11th:
Report Cards go home Friday. Quiz on SWA Religions & History Thursday October 19th.
Standard: Explain historical reasons for the establishment of the modern State of Israel in 1948 including Jewish religious connections to the land, the Holocaust, anti-Semitism & Zionism in Europe.
E.Q. Wednesday, October 11, 2017: How did the Jewish Diaspora, Zionism, Anti-Semitism, & the Holocaust impact the creation of the modern state of Israel?
Warm Up: What was the impact of European partitioning of the former Ottoman Empire?
Today We Will:
Complete History of the Modern State of Israel
Start the Gulf Wars (1991 and 2003) & the War on Terror (2001)

14. ANSWERS
E.Q. Answer for Wednesday 10/11/17: Scattering of Jews throughout the world for over 1,000 years (known as the Diaspora) led to the Zionist movement. Zionist felt the Jews deserved to have a homeland in Zion, part of Palestine, as it existed during Biblical times. Anti-Semitism, especially in Europe, led directly to the Holocaust. The tremendous guilt felt by the world over the treatment of the Jews in WWII led to the realization of the Zionist dream of a return to Zion in Palestine where Jews would never experience anti- Semitism again. Warm-Up Answer: Ongoing conflict and war in SWA especially in Iraq between Sunni and Shia religious groups.

15. The Middle East Historical Understanding
Establishment of the Modern State of Israel cont. At the end of the war, the newly created United Nations also believed something should be done for the Jewish people because of their suffering. In 1948, the United Nations voted to create a homeland for the Jews in part of Palestine. The Jews who were living there accepted the offer and declared the creation of the State of Israel.

16. FIRST FIVE Agenda Message for Thursday October 12, 2017:
Report cards go home TOMORROW. SWA Religions & History Quiz Study Guides go home TODAY.
Standard:
Explain historical reasons for the establishment of the modern State of Israel in 1948 including Jewish religious connections to the land, the Holocaust, anti-Semitism & Zionism in Europe.
E.Q. Thursday, October 12, 2017:
How did the Palestinian Arabs react to the announcement of the new State of Israel?
Warm Up:
What organization voted to create Israel in what was formerly Palestine?
Today We Will:
Complete History of the Modern State of Israel
Start the Gulf Wars (1991 and 2003) & the War on Terror (2001)

17. ANSWERS
E.Q. Answer for Thursday 10/12/17: Palestinian Arabs refused to accept the vote of the United Nations feeling that their land was being taken from them. This feeling led to the Arab-Israeli war starting in May of 1948 until March Warm-Up Answer: The United Nations

18. The Middle East Historical Understanding
Establishment of the Modern State of Israel cont. However, not everyone was happy with this new state of Israel. Palestinian Arabs living in the area felt the United Nations had unfairly given their land away, and they along with many other Arab countries refused to accept the new state of Israel.

19. The Middle East Historical Understanding
Establishment of the Modern State of Israel cont. War broke out in May 1948 between the new state of Israel and the Arab countries of Lebanon, Syria, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia. Other Arab countries in the Middle East agreed with the Palestinians and sided with them during this war. The Israelis were able to win this war and the new state of Israel survived, taking over even more land than they had originally (i.e. the West Bank).

20. The Middle East Historical Understanding
Land/Religion Continuing Conflict
As a result of the Israelis winning the 1948 war many Palestinians became refugees (people had to leave their homes as a result of war or natural disaster).
In the past 67 plus years, there have been several additional wars between the Israelis, and its Arab neighbors over the issue of Palestine and the Palestinian refugees.

21. The Middle East Historical Understanding
Land/Religion Continuing Conflict cont. Many of the Palestinians and their descendants still live in refugee camps (the Gaza Strip) or in parts of Israel they feel should be a Palestinian state (the West Bank). Both areas are under the strict control of Israel.

22. The Middle East Historical Understanding
Land/Religion Continuing Conflict cont.
The problem between these two people still exist today, even though people on both sides of the conflict continue to look for ways to find a peaceful solution to their disagreements.
Arab countries in the area are strong supporters of the Palestinians, while the United States is a powerful supporter of the Israelis.

23. The Middle East Historical Understanding
Land/Religion Continuing Conflict cont. The continuing Arab-Israeli conflict plays a major role in the difficulties that the United States and the rest of the world face today when trying to find peaceful solutions to Middle East conflicts. These conflicts also ultimately threaten the free-flow of oil to the world’s industrialized countries.