1. P. Ericksen, A. Notenbaert, L. Merbold, L. Robinson
Environment Flagship
P. Ericksen, A. Notenbaert, L. Merbold, L. Robinson
ISC meeting, December 2017
Nairobi

2. A. Flagship logic

3. Rationale for new flagship on livestock and environment
Negative OECD narrative undermining livestock development
Limited data from CGIAR mandate countries
Unexploited potential for environmental benefits that also improve productivity
Climate change adaptation rising up the agenda

4. Impact: reduced environment footprint and enhanced ecosystem services with adaptation to climate change
Outcome: Technology developers, line ministry staff and development donors consider environmental impact of livestock production.
Outcome: Development partners use tested solutions to increase livestock productivity in spite of environmental change.
Outcome: National partners promote environmental management of livestock production.

5. Impact: reduced environment footprint and enhanced ecosystem services with adaptation to climate change
Outcome: Households adopt gender responsive environmental management options.
Outcome: Government agencies design and implement policies to improve environmental management.
Outcome: Evidence generated by the flagship influences key global livestock agendas.

6. B. CoA and product lines

7. CoA 1: Assess environmental sustainability and adaptability production technologies
Assessments of risks and opportunities arising from GEC
Impacts climate change, water demand, biodiversity loss, land degradation for productivity interventions
2 . Quantification of environmental footprints technology packages
Ex-ante impact assessment framework developed
Different footprints quantified as best-bet technologies are developed
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8. CoA 2: Optimize natural resource use and enhance the provision of ecosystem services
Improved environmental management options tested and evaluated
Packages of interventions for reducing GHG emissions intensities
Packages of interventions for restoring degraded rangelands
Packages of interventions for optimizing livestock and water interactions
Tools and interventions to empower women and youth
Interventions sensitive to needs of women and youth rolled out
Tools to empower women and youth support their greater engagement
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9. CoA 3: Develop and support improved institutions/ governance mechanisms for environmental solutions
Improvements in land tenure / land management
Toolkit for rangeland governance and land use planning
Land tenure and land management processes/ protocols advised and improved
Key enabling policies developed
Progress towards climate change targets in livestock sector
National rangeland policy implementation supported
3. Support PES schemes: Schemes implemented in 3 countries
4. Inform global agenda: Key paper and brief each year for targeted agenda
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10. Value Proposition for Key Product Lines
Livestock technologies environmentally sustainable
Analyses of productivity- environment tradeoffs
Technology developers, decision makers
Reliable information to improve technology choices
Environmental footprint livestock reduced
Validated interventions
Development projects, national ministries
Fills a gap
Environmental solutions supported with institutions
Institutional innovations, policy guidance
Government decision makers
Ensures enabling environment

11. Figure 2.4a Livestock and the Environment Flagship theory of change
Cluster 1: Assessing environmental sustainability and adaptability of production technologies
Novel approaches for ex-ante environmental assessment are widely adopted by extension systems, development partners and government agencies to identify win-win options
E1,4
Environmental concerns are considered in decision-making by national & international development partners, government agencies and extension systems, including technology developers seeking to improve cattle, small ruminant and pig production
Gender and age differentiated assessment of risks and opportunities arising from GEC A1
Land, water and forest degradation (including deforestation) minimized and reversed 1
E1,5,6
A3,7
Technology developers take environmental issues into account in their research priority setting
Framework for assessing multiple environmental footprints for specific packages of technologies and interventions.
A17,18
E1,5,6 E1 1
Increased resilience of agro-ecosystems and communities, especially those including smallholders
Quantification of environmental impacts guides the development and selection of productivity-enhancing options by research and development partners
Quantification of environmental footprints of packages of technology interventions.
Targeted solutions are used by research and development partners to sustainably increase productivity of cattle, small ruminants and pigs in the face of on-going environmental changes.
A1,2
A3,6,7,8,9, 10,11,12
Cluster 2: Optimize natural resource use and enhance the provision of ecosystem services A2 E4
More productive and equitable management of natural resources 4
A1,2
Quantification of environmental benefits leads to selection and further development of management options by partners
A3,4,5,7
Government agencies and development partners at local and national levels are promoting environmental management options
Improved environmental management options identified and tested with environmental benefits quantified.
E1,3
Reduced net greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture, forests and other forms of land use
Role of women and young people in fostering environmental management promoted and strengthened across communities and with development partners.
Tools and interventions to empower women and youth as agents of change for environmental management developed. E4 3
Gender responsive environmental management options that are well adapted to Global Environmental Change (GEC) are adopted by households (women & youth)
A1,8
A10
Cluster 3: Develop and support improved institutions and other governance mechanisms for environmental solutions
E1,4
Technologies that reduce women’s labour and energy expenditure developed and disseminated 4
Improvements in land tenure to improve land use management for reducing land degradation.
National government agencies, make Improvements in land tenure arrangements for reduced land degradation
A14 E4
A15
National government agencies design and implement key policies to improve the management of the environment and livestock systems
Key enabling policies for water, GHG and biodiversity developed (synthesized policy options = Output) E2
A7,8
Improved capacity of women and youth to participate in decision-making
A3,4,5
Communities and development actors pilot payments for ecosystem services
Develop and support implementation of viable PES schemes
A13
Inform the global livestock and environment agenda
A16
E1,4,5
1,4
Evidence generated by the flagship influences key global livestock agendas (IPCC, Global agenda for Sustainable Livestock)
Agricultural systems diversified and intensified in ways that protect soils and water
Research outputs Research & (near) development outcomes Sub-IDOs
(Sphere of control) (Sphere of influence) (Sphere of influence →→interest)

12. Main Outputs & Milestones
PL 1: Livestock Technologies Environmentally Sustainable
Main Activity
Main Outputs & Milestones
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Quantify GEC risks/ opportunities
Key activities and outputs
1)Assess impacts climate change on livestock systems/ technologies
Discovery
2) Assess tradeoffs of risks versus interventions by age, gender
Delivery
3) Framework used to assess sustainability of interventions
Milestones
A) Framework for assessing footprint tested x 
B) Technology developers and decision makers consider environmental issues  x X
C)Approaches for ex-ante impact assessment widely adopted
D). Targeted solutions used in 10 countries x
Main output: Quantified footprint of best bet technologies under scenarios of climate change
To implement it:
Key W3/bilateral projects
SAIRLA: Ethiopia, Burkina
LIVEGAPS: global
W1/2 activities:
Activity 1, Tanzania, Rwanda, Uganda
Activity 2: East/ S. Africa
Activity 3: Burkina, Ethiopia, Nicaragua, Kenya
Who is involved:
Lead scientists: An Notenbaert, Mark van Wijk
CRP partners: CIAT, LAFS
Collaborators: WUR, ICRAF, CSIRO

13. Product line 1: Livestock technologies environmentally sustainable.
Main Activity
2017 Deliverables
Status
Quantify GEC risks and opportunities
1) Framework for env. Footprint tested two countries
Completed
2) Research paper on gender and other social differences
 Delayed
3) Assessments environmental risks key technologies (1)
What we learned: heat stress the first cc impact; rangeland degradation. Next promising technology is forages.
Main Activity
2018 Deliverables
Budget
Quantify GEC risks and opportunities
1) Recommend forage intensification options
150K
2) More tradeoff analysis including gender (w/ LAFS)
200K
3) Second technology case study
100K

14. Main Outputs & Milestones
PL 2: Improved environmental management options tested and evaluated
Main Activity
Main Outputs & Milestones
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Testing management options across contexts; measuring impact
Key activities and outputs
1)Assess and pilot rangeland restoration practices
Discovery
Delivery 
2) GHG baselines and testing of interventions
Discovery 
Delivery
3) ?? Water and/ or biodiversity footprints
 Discovery
Milestones
A) Emissions from three livestock systems assessed x 
B) Selection of rangeland and LED strategies implemented in 3 countries, 6 countries  x X
C) Interventions for water or biodiversity piloted
D) Emissions from additional livestock systems assessed
Main output: Tested interventions taken to scale
To implement it:
Key W3/bilateral projects
EC/IFAD Drylands Restoration
GIZ / BMZ funds
USAID
W1/2 activities:
Activity 1, Kenya/ Ethiopia
Activity 2: Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia
Activity 3: ??
Who is involved:
Lead scientists: Lutz Merbold, Jason Sircely, Mounir Louhachi, Rolf Sommers
CRP partners: CIAT, ICARDA
Collaborators: CCAFS, KIT, CIFOR, WLE

15. Product line 1: Improved environmental management options
Main Activity
2017 Deliverables
Status
Quantify environmental impact
1) Emissions measured for 3 systems
Completed
2) Research reports rangeland restoration
 Completed
3) Interventions for drought resilience
Ongoing
What we learned: Emissions are different in LMIC countries; rangeland restoration can be successful
Main Activity
2018 Deliverables
Budget
Quantify GEC risks and opportunities
1) Test sustainable rangeland management in 4 countries
500 K
2) Publish GHG emissions factors for Kenya (w/ CCAFS)
300 K
3) Water footprint analysis
80K
4) Interventions for drought resilience
400K  
Next challenge is measuring impact and lessons to go to scale.

16. Main Outputs & Milestones
PL 3: Tools to empower / engage women and youth in environmental mangement
Main Activity
Main Outputs & Milestones
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Develop and pilot tools
Key activities and outputs
1) Identify key issues constraining women/ youth
Discovery
2) Identify and test tools
Discovery 
Delivery
3) Increase household adoption of environmental management
 Discovery
Milestones
A) Gender strategy for the flagship with key questions x 
B) Piloting of tools  x
C) Increased adoption in 2 countries D)
Main output: Women and youth participate in environmental management
To implement it:
Key W3/bilateral projects: support from CCAFS
W1/2 activities:
Activity 1, global
Activity 2: Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia
Activity 3: all countries
Who is involved:
Lead scientists: Nicoline, Katie Tavenner
CRP partners: CIAT
Collaborators: CCAFS

17. Product line 1: Improved environmental management options
Main Activity
2017 Deliverables
Status
Tools to engage women and youth
1) Gender strategy
Completed 2)
 Completed
What we learned: Very little literature on gender, livestock and environment
Main Activity
2018 Deliverables
Budget
Tools to engage women and youth
1). Identify tools to engage women/ youth
100 K 2) 3)
Slow progress to expand beyond CCAFS agenda to other issues

18. Main Outputs & Milestones
PL 3: Support improved institutions for environmental management
Main Activity
Main Outputs & Milestones
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Innovations for rangeland management, drought resilience; PES.
Key activities and outputs
1) Land and resource tenure arrangements and models
Discovery
Pilot
Delivery 
2) Policy advice drought risk, resilience, environmental footprint
Pilot 
Delivery
3) Viable PES schemes
 Discovery
Milestones
A). Synthesis of policies to reduce GHG emissions; drought resilience x   x
B) Land tenure arrangements improved
C) Pilot PES schemes
D). Global agendas influence x
Main output: Environmental management enabled with specific innovations and policies
To implement it:
Key W3/bilateral projects
AVCD Livestock
IFAD ILC
IBLI
W1/2 activities:
Activity 1: Kenya, Ethiopia, Tunisia, Tanzania
Activity 2: Kenya, global
Activity 3: Tunisia, ??
Who is involved:
Lead scientists: Lance Robinson, Fiona Flintan, Andrew Mude, Polly Ericksen, Jutta Werner
CRP partners: ICARDA
Collaborators: CCAFS, PIM, UC Davis

19. Product line 1: Institutions for environmental mangement
Main Activity
2017 Deliverables
Status
Support institutions and innovations
1) Synthesis policy issues for reducing GHG emissions
Completed
2). National policy advice drought resilience
 Completed
3) Assessment current initiatives to improve land/ resource tenure
What we learned: Context matters; governance is key for improved management
Main Activity
2018 Deliverables
Budget
Support institutions
Policy instruments for county level spatial planning and rangeland management
500 K
Policy discussions on RM 3 countries
100 K
Drylands information systems supported
600 K

20. D. Cross-cutting themes

21. Gender Integrated into Clusters 1 and 2
Cluster 3 more focus on social differentiation
Youth a challenge

22. Capacity development Integrated across all clusters
Specific learning module on spatial planning from Cluster 3 in 2017
Student research supported in Clusters 2 and 3
Policy guidance 2018 relies on capacity development

23. Livestock CRP priority countries
E. Our contribution to
Livestock CRP priority countries

24. Kenya, Ethiopia, Tunisia, Tanzania, Burkina Faso
GHG emissions work in Kenya, TZ, Eth
Rangeland work in all
Policy work all

25. F. Our Targets

26. Targets Page title minimum of 30 points and maximum of two lines
Reduction in land and water degradation of 7.9M ha which positively affects 5.1 M direct and indirect beneficiaries across 8 countries.
Rural communities practice more productive and equitable management of natural resources, with benefits experienced by 2.2 million beneficiaries, representing 14 million ha across 9 countries.
Livestock production systems diversified and intensified in ways that protect soils and water (representing land area of 7 million ha), with benefits experienced by 2.4 million beneficiaries across 9 countries.
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27. Targets
Agroecosystem resilience increased by 10%, impacting 1.8 million final beneficiaries (representing 9.2 million ha) across 6 countries.
GHG emission intensities from agro-ecosystems will be reduced by 2% (0.08 Gt CO2-e yr-1), impacting 7 million indirect beneficiaries across 7 countries.
Environment management interventions that reduce women's labour and energy expenditure by 10% developed and disseminated (reaching 770,000 women) in 9 countries.
Improved capacity of 930,000 women and young people to participate in decision-making for environmental management of livestock in 9 countries.

28. G. Managing the Flagship

29. Flagship structure
Cluster 1: Assess environmental sustainability and adaptability of production technologies
An Notenbaert, CIAT, ILRI
2: Optimize natural resource use and enhance provision of ecosystem services
Lutz Merbold, ILRI, ICARDA, CIAT
3: Develop and support improved governance for environmental solutions
Lance Robinson, ILRI, ICARDA
CRP partnerships: CCAFS (FP 1, 3); PIM (FP 5); ?WLE
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