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Low Energy Fusion as a Source of Neutrons

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Presentation on theme: "Low Energy Fusion as a Source of Neutrons"β€” Presentation transcript:

1 Low Energy Fusion as a Source of Neutrons
IIAA International Institute for Accelerator Applications Low Energy Fusion as a Source of Neutrons Simon Albright and Rebecca Seviour

2 Neutron Applications Neutron Therapy Isotope Production Security

3 Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
Tumor 7Li 10B Ξ± 0 1 𝑛 𝐡→ 3 7 𝐿𝑖+ 2 4 𝐻𝑒

4 Medical Isotopes SPECT PET 11C 13N 15O 18F 64Cu 82Rb 67Ga 99Tc 111In
133Xe 201Tl

5 99mTc/ 99Mo Production neutron induced proton induced
0 1 𝑛 π‘€π‘œβ†’ π‘€π‘œ+ Ξ³ 98Mo(n,Ξ³)99Mo 0 1 𝑛 π‘ˆβ†’ π‘€π‘œ+ 50 𝑋 𝑆𝑛 +π‘Œ 0 1 𝑛 235U(n,fis)99Mo proton induced 1 1 𝑝 π‘€π‘œβ†’ π‘€π‘œ+ 1 1 𝑝 𝑛 100Mo(p,pn)99Tc* 1 1 𝑝 π‘€π‘œβ†’ 43 99π‘š 𝑇𝑐 𝑛 100Mo(p,2n)99Tc* 1 1 𝑝 π‘€π‘œβ†’ 43 99π‘š 𝑇𝑐+ Ξ³ 98Mo(p, Ξ³)99Tc*

6 Security

7 Neutron in/Neutron out
Neutron in/Gamma out Neutron+Photon Transmission Neutron Transmission Neutron Capture Neutron Scattering Fast Neutron Scattering

8 Pulsed Fast Neutron Analysis
Minimum activation Characteristic gammas Time-Of-Flight 0 1 𝑛+ 𝑍 𝐴 𝑋→ 𝑍 𝐴 𝑋+ 0 1 𝑛+ Ξ³

9 Simulated Gamma Spectra

10 Benign and Contraband Items
Cellulose Latex Nylon Surfactant Cocaine Heroin RDX TNT O 5 2 3 4 6 N 1 C 18 17 21 7

11 PFNA System Accelerator

12 Rapiscan Trial System

13 Neutron Sources Spallation Fission Fusion

14 Fission Reactors Expensive Proliferation Decay Products

15 Fission Sources Uncontrolled Decay Products Proliferation

16 Spallation ~600m ~500m ESS Beamline St. Luke’s Hospital Huddersfield

17 Producing/using tritium
Low Energy Fusion VNIIA ING-17 1 2 𝐷 𝐻→ 2 4 𝐻𝑒+ 0 1 𝑛 Producing/using tritium 𝒕 𝟏 𝟐 =𝟏𝟐.πŸ‘ π’šπ’†π’‚π’“π’” 1 2 𝐷 𝐻→ 2 3 𝐻𝑒+ 0 1 𝑛 β†’ 1 3 𝐻+ 1 1 𝑝

18 Simulations T Nn En Ep

19 GEANT4 Verification

20 MCNPX Verification

21 7Li(p,n) Spectrum

22 7Li(p,n) Angular Distribution

23 7Li(p,n) neutron source 7Li(n,t) breed tritium
Alternative Target 7Li(p,n) neutron source 7Li(n,t) breed tritium Ideal target will have: Large (p,n)/(d,n) cross section No long lived by-products Monochromatic Spectrum

24 Cross Section Verification
3H(p,n): H. Liskein, A. Paulsen Neutron production cross sections and energies for the reactions T(P,N)3He, D(d,n)3He, and T(d,n)4He Experimental Simulation 7Li(p,n): S.N.Abramovich, B.Ja.Guzhovskij, V.A.Zherebcov, A.G.Zvenigorodskij Estimated values of total and differential cross sections of proton interactions with nuclei Li-6 and Li-7. 11B(p,n): G.J.F. Legge,I.F. Bubb 12C level structure in the excitation region MeV

25 ENDF needed for low energy/low mass interactions
TENDL Libraries ENDF needed for low energy/low mass interactions Experimental Simulation

26 Thin Target Spectra

27 Thin Target Spectra

28 Constant Beam Energy

29 Constant Beam Energy

30 Conclusion Compact Neutron Source: Neutron Therapy Isotope Production
Security Need ENDF for verification Comparison of simulation and experiment

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