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Managing Oceanic Resources
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Fisheries Management
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Why are worldwide Fisheries in decline?
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“Give a man a fish and feed him for a day teach him how to fish and feed him for a lifetime”
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Major Concerns: - Habitat Loss - Pollution - Over Fishing
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Fisheries Concerns: - pollution - habitats - larger boats - better SONAR - bigger gear - stronger gear
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Air and Water Pollutants are major problems
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Striped Bass
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Fins often show problems
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Biological Oxygen Demand “BOD”
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Chemical Oxygen Demand “COD”
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BOD + COD = TOD
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Flounder
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Stickleback
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Biomagnification = pyramiding of pollutants
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Point Source Control is important
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National Marine Fisheries Service
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Rosefish
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Rosefish
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Most fishing used to happen from shore or from “day boats” from local harbors
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Good fisheries data is hard to get
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Ray
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Shark
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Controls and Concerns can be: - Local - State - Regional - National - International
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National Fisherman Magazine
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Fisheries Management Councils
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Fishermen tend to be very independent
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Now huge factory ships stay at sea for weeks catching and processing catch
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The inherent dangers in fishing at sea are great
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Fishing efforts are not always productive
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“Bycatch” continues to be a problem
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Lost nets = “Floating curtains of death”
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Lost traps keep on catching and killing resources
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Maximum Sustainable Yield
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Optimum Sustainable Yield
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Fish are usually a nutritious inexpensive food source
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Fish Protein Concentrate “FPC”
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Fishing Regulations can be very effective
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Sound fisheries management practices are vital
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Fishing in the Global Pond
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Safety at sea is still a major issue
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Ecosystems Approach to Ocean Management
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National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration
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IFQ’s Individual Fisheries Quotas
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Transferable Quotas are hotly debated
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Alien Invaders Include: - Asian whelks - European crab - Asian swamp eel - Zebra mussel
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HAACPP Hazard Analysis and Control Point Program
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Aquaculture carefully done can be used as a partial solution to fisheries problems
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Aquaculture
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Aquaculture
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Sound Management of the Global Seas is a must
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Acknowledgements NOAA NMFS National Fisherman Magazine
Program Copyright © 2005 George D. Buckley and Marine Ecology Project All rights reserved
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