2. Laboratory Investigations
Urine Analysis/ Sensitivity
Hematological Profile
Hemostatic Profile
Biochemical Profile
Serological & Immunological Profile

4. Urine Report

5. Urine Sensitivity

6. Hematological Profile
Complete Blood Count (CBC) “Blood Film, RBC Count, Hb, HCT, Indices, RDW”
Reticulocyte Percentage
Ferrokinetics “Iron, TIBC, Ferritin, Soluble Transferrin Receptors”
Others “Hb Electrophoresis, Sickling Test, Schilling Test, G6PD”
What Type of Anemia?

7. Reference Rage
Patient Result
Test
million
3.32 million
RBC
13-18 g%
8.2 g% Hb
40-54%
24%
HCT
76-96 fL
72 fL
MCV
27-32 pg
25 pg
MCH
30-35%
34%
MCHC %
18%
RDW
Reference Rage
Patient Result
Test
million
4.4 million
RBC
13-18 g%
12.5 g% Hb
40-54%
37%
HCT
76-96 fL
84 fL
MCV
27-32 pg
28 pg
MCH
30-35%
34%
MCHC %
10%
RDW
0.2-2%
0.83%
Retics
Reference Rage
Patient Result
Test
μg%
29 μg%
Iron
5-184 ng/ml
3 ng/ml
Ferritin
μg%
150 μg%
TIBC

9. Infection or Blood Malignancy?
Hematological Profile (Cont.)
WBC Cont
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Monocytes
Lymphocyte
Immature Cells
Infection or Blood Malignancy?

10. Reference Rage
Patient Result
Test
4-11 thousands
6.8 Thousands
WBC
47-75%
79%
Neutrophils, Segmented
0-5% 3%
Neutrophils, Staff
20-45%
12%
Lymphocytes
3-8% 4%
Monocytes
0-6% 2%
Eosinophils
0-1% 0%
Basophils

12. Clotting Factors Assay Antiplatelet Antibody Platelet Aggregation Test
Hemostatic Profile
Bleeding
Hyper-Coagurable State or
Antithrombine III
Protein C
Protein S
D-Dimer
Clotting Factors Assay
APTT
PT, INR, Activity
Antiplatelet Antibody
Platelet Aggregation Test
Platelets Count

13. Reference Rage
Patient Result
Test
90000
Platelets Count

14. Biochemistry Report Kidney Function Tests Liver Function Tests
Heart Function Tests
Lipid Profile
Hormonal Profile
Tumor Markers
Diabetic Profile
Osteoporosis Profile

15. Albumin/Creatinine Ratio (ACR)
Kidney Function Tests
Serum Creatinine
Albumin/Creatinine Ratio (ACR)
BUN
Uric Acid Na K

16. Reference Rage Patient Result Test 10-45 mg% 105 mg% BUN 0.5-1.5 mg%
Serum Creatinine
mg%
9.8 mg%
Serum Uric Acid
Microalbuminuria: ACR
Macroalbuminuria: ACR >300

17. Liver Function Tests AST ALT ALP GGT Albumin T. & D. Bilirubin
HCC
AST
ALT
ALP
GGT
Albumin
T. & D. Bilirubin
Hepatitis Markers

18. Reference Rage
Patient Result
Test
mg%
15.7 mg%
T. Bil
Up to 0.4 mg%
4 mg%
D. Bil
Up to 40 U/L
204 U/L
sAST
193 U/L
sALT
U/L
495 U/L
ALP g%
5.2 g%
Albumin g%
2.4 g%
Globulin
>1
2.17
A/G Ratio

19. Cut off Value
Patient Result
Test
0.075 mIU/L
0.021 mIU/L
HBsAg
0.23 mIU/L
0.098 mIU/L
HCV Ab
0.075 mU/ml
>100 mU/ml
HAV

20. Fibro Test measures the hepatic fibrosis stage with a blood test.
Minimal
Moderate
Severe

21. Acti Test measures the degree of necroinflammatory activity of viral origin (HBV and HCV).
Minimal
Moderate
Severe

22. Heart Function Tests
Troponin
CK-Mb
AST
LDH

23. Reference Rage
Patient Result
Test
0-25 U/L
35 U/L
CK-Mb
U/L
490 U/L
LDH
0-0.2 ng/ml
0.8 ng/ml
Troponin-I

24. Lipids Profile Total Cholesterol LDL-C HDL-C VLDL-C Atherogenic Inex
Triacylglycerol
Phospholipids

25. Reference Rage
Patient Result
Test
Normal <200 mg%
300 mg%
T. Cholesterol
Borderline mg%
High >240 mg%
mg%
180 mg% TG
High Risk <40 mg%
37.6 mg%
HDL-C
Negative Risk > 60 mg%
mg%
226.4 mg%
LDL-C
8-32 mg%
36 mg%
VLVL-C
Up to 3.22
7.98
T. Chol/HDL-C Risk Ratio
Up to 4.5
6.02
LDL-C/HDL-C Risk Ratio

26. Hormonal Profile Thyroid Hormones Sex Hormones Adrenal Hormones
Parathyroid Hormones
Pituitary Hormones
Pancreatic Hormones

27. Reference Rage
Patient Result
Test
2-4.4 pg/ml
1.94 pg/ml
T3 free
ng%
0.63 ng%
T4 free
μIU/ml
28.44 μIU/ml
TSH

28. LH>FSH = polycystic ovary syndrome
LH:FSH ration should be 1:1

29. Reference Range Patient Result
Test
Non pregnant <5mIU/ml
215
Β-HCG
0-1 Week 6-50 mIU/ml
1-2 Week mIU/ml
2-3 Week mIU/ml
3-4 Week mIU/ml
4-5 Week mIU/ml
5-6 Week mIU/ml
6-8 Week mIU/ml
2-3 Month mIU/ml
4-6 Month mIU/ml
7-9 Month mIU/ml

30. Tumor Markers

31. Tumor Markers Report Reference Rage Patient Result Test Up to 4 ng/ml
PSA, Total
Up to 0.9 U/ml
2.8 U/ml
PSA, Free
Reference Rage
Patient Result
Test
Up to 5 ng/ml
4.12 ng/ml
CEA
Up to 25 U/ml
292.7 U/ml
CA 15-3

32. Diabetic Profile Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG)
Postprandial Blood Glucose
Random Blood Glucose
Fasting Insulin
Glycated Hemoglobin (HA1c)
HOMA-IR

33. Diabetic Profile Reference Rage Patient Result Test <6% 11% HbA1c
mg%
228 mg%
FBG
mg%
316mg%
PBG

34. Parathyroid Hormone “PTH”
Osteoporosis Profile
Total Calcium “Ca”
Ionized Ca
Phosphorus “Pi”
ALP
Parathyroid Hormone “PTH”

35. Reference Rage
Patient Result
Test
15-65 pg/ml
78.5 pg/ml
PTH
Deficiency <20 ng/ml
17.4 ng/ml
Vitamin D total
Insufficiency ng/ml
Sufficiency >30 ng/ml

36. Immunological Profile
Serological &
Immunological Profile
Reference Rage
Patient Result
Test
<200 IU/ml
600 IU/ml
ASOT
<6 mg/L
9 mg/L
CRP
<8 IU/L
12 IU/L RF
Male: 0-10 mm/hr
40 mm/hr
ESR

37. Gastrointestinal tract Thyroid autoantibodies Liver Systemic
Anti-tTG
AGA
Intrinsic Factor Antibodies
Parietal Cell Antibodies
Thyroid autoantibodies
Anti-TPO
TSH receptor antibodies
Liver
SMA
AMA
Anti-LKM1
Systemic
ANA
ANCA
AntidsDNA
ACA
Antihistone
CCP
anti-SS-A (Ro) and anti-SS-B (La), anti-RNP, anti-Jo-1, anti-Sm, Scl-70
Organ-specific autoantibodies
Cardiolipin Antibodies
Beta-2 Glycoprotein 1 Antibodies
APA LA
Endocrine/metabolic system
Diabetes-related Autoantibodies
Kidney
GMB
Muscles
AChR
Examples of Autoantibodies
Systemic autoantibodies
The list below includes some of the autoantibody tests that are used to identify systemic autoimmune disorders. These disorders may cause signs and symptoms associated with inflammation throughout the body.
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)
Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA)
Anti-Double Stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA)
Anticentromere Antibodies (ACA)
Antihistone Antibodies
Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies (CCP)
Extractable Nuclear Antigen Antibodies (e.g., anti-SS-A (Ro) and anti-SS-B (La), anti-RNP, anti-Jo-1, anti-Sm, Scl-70)
Rheumatoid Factor (RF)
Organ-specific autoantibodies
These are examples of autoantibodies associated with certain systems or organs:
Clotting (coagulation) system
Cardiolipin Antibodies
Beta-2 Glycoprotein 1 Antibodies
Antiphospholipid Antibodies (APA)
Lupus anticoagulants (LA)
Endocrine/metabolic system
Diabetes-related Autoantibodies
Gastrointestinal tract
Anti-Tissue Transglutaminase (anti-tTG)
Anti-Gliadin Antibodies (AGA)
Intrinsic Factor Antibodies
Parietal Cell Antibodies
Thyroid
Thyroid Autoantibodies (e.g., anti-TPO, TSH receptor antibodies)
Liver
Smooth Muscle Antibodies (SMA)
Antimitochondrial Antibodies (AMA)
Liver Kidney Microsome Type 1 Antibodies (anti-LKM-1)
Kidney
Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBM)
Muscles
Acetylcholine Receptor (AChR) Antibodies

38. Reference Rage Patient Result 60 IU/ml 30 U/ml
Test
Negative <35 IU/ml
60 IU/ml
Anti ds DNA
Intermediate IU/ml
Positive >45 IU/ml
<10 U/ml
30 U/ml
ANA
+ve Anti ds DNA and ANA = systemic lupus

39. Laboratory Abbreviations See the attached Word file.