1. 9.1 The Industrial Revolution Begins
Analyze why England was the first country to industrialize.
Examine how scientific and technological changes and new reforms of energy brought about massive social, economic, and cultural change (e.g. inventions and discoveries of James Watt, Eli Whitney, Henry Bessemer, Louis Pasteur, Thomas Edison.)

2. Cottage Industry
An industry where the creation of products and services is home-based, rather than factory-based.
Products and services created by cottage industry are often unique and distinctive
Not mass-produced

3. Create your own stationary

4. Problems with the Cottage Industry
Cottage industry workers are paid by the piece, therefore supply and demand become a huge problem
They can only produce so many items in a given time due to the extent of hard labor it takes to create unique items
Cottage industry items cost more due to the time and labor put into the items
On the other hand, factory workers get paid by the hour and are able to mass produce
Mass production allows for more goods to be produced and drops the price 4

5. Draw this in your notes
Cottage

6. Items are not mass produced, therefore costing consumers more money
QUIZ WIZ
Why do you think the Cottage Industry had difficulty surviving?
Items are not mass produced, therefore costing consumers more money

7. Agricultural Revolution
Agriculture farming
Revolution a radical change in society
Agriculture Revolution Significant change in agriculture that occurred through discoveries, inventions, and new technologies that change production

8. Agricultural Revolution was a radical change in agriculture
QUIZ WIZ
How can there be a Revolution in Agricultural?
Agricultural Revolution was a radical change in agriculture

9. New Discoveries included...

10. Machine that planted seeds in well-spaced rows more seeds sprouted
Seed Drill
Machine that planted seeds in well-spaced rows more seeds sprouted

11. Crop Rotation
The practice of planting a chain of crops in a field over a period of years. Rotations can maintain field fertility since different crops use different soil nutrients.

12. New techniques to increase size of animals
Livestock
New techniques to increase size of animals

13. As a Result of these Improvements:
Farm out put increased
More food was available
People enjoyed healthier diets
The population of Great Britain grew
The Agriculture Revolution led to Industrial development by
producing more goods with fewer workers

14. What were the results of the Agricultural Revolution?
QUIZ WIZ
What were the results of the Agricultural Revolution?
-more food
-healthier diets
-population grew

15. Industrial Revolution Overview
The Industrial revolution refers to the increased out-put of machine made good that began in Great Britain during the 1700s.
The Industrial revolution brought technological advancements but also created social problems

16. What does it really mean?
Industry- organized economic activity connected with the production, manufacture, or construction of a particular product or range of products
Industrialization- to introduce industry into (an area) on a large scale.
Revolution- a dramatic change in ideas or practice

17. Started in the Textile Industry
Textile- A cloth, especially one manufactured by weaving or knitting; a fabric.
Textile Industry-is a term used for industries dealing with the manufacturing of clothing as well as the distribution and use of textiles
The Industrial Revolution started in the Textile Industry because it created the first factory!

19. What industry did the Industrial Revolution start in?
QUIZ WIZ
What industry did the Industrial Revolution start in?
Textile

20. Why did Great Britain lead the way?
Coal and water to power machines
Iron ore to make machines and tools
Rivers to move people and goods
Good harbors for shipping goods to other lands
Britain had a system of banks to fund new business
Had a stable government
Trade gave British entrepreneurs the capital need to open new factories

21. QUIZ WIZ
Name 4 reasons why Great Britain led the way in the Industrial Revolution?
Coal and water to power machines
Iron ore to make machines and tools
Rivers to move people and goods
Good harbors for shipping goods to other lands
Britain had a system of banks to fund new business
Had a stable government
Trade gave British entrepreneurs the capital need to open new factories

22. NEW
INVENTIONS

23. Entrepreneurs
Entrepreneur: a person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risks of a business.
These people helped spur continuous new inventions and companies throughout the Industrial Revolution.

24. They take risks on business
QUIZ WIZ
Why are entrepreneur’s important for society?
They take risks on business

25. Cotton Gin Eli Whitney created the Cotton Gin in 1793
The Cotton Gin sped
cotton production by separating fibers from the seeds

26. Steam Engine
James Watt created the Steam Engine in it was a new source of power
Factories used to run using water based power but the creation of the steam engine transformed how factories were run

27. Water Frame
In 1762, Richard Arkwright patented the water frame that could produce stronger threads for yarns. The first models were powered by waterwheels so the device came to be first known as the water frame
It was the first powered, automatic, and continuous textile machine and enabled the move away from small home manufacturing towards factory production of textiles
The water frame was also the first machine that could spin cotton threads

28. Spinning Jenny In 1764, James Hargreaves created the Spinning Jenny.
The spinning jenny is a multi-spool spinning wheel that dramatically reduced the amount of work needed to produce yarn.

29. Power Loom Edmund Cartwright designed the Power Loom in 1784
The Power Loom was a steam-powered, mechanically-operated version of a regular loom
A loom is a device that combined threads to make cloth
When the power loom became efficient, women replaced most men as weavers in the textile factories

30. Flying Shuttle
In 1733, John Kay invented the flying shuttle, an improvement to looms that enabled weavers to weave faster

32. Telegraph
In 1836, Samuel Morse created the telegraph that could send messages in a short amount of time
He proved that signals could be transmitted by wire and used pulses of current to deflect an electromagnet, which moved a marker to produce written codes on a strip of paper - the invention of Morse Code
Until 1877, all rapid long-distance communication depended upon the telegraph

33. Improved Sewing Machine
Isaac Singer created a more efficient sewing machine in 1851 which speed up clothing manufacturing
His new ideas by1860 led the Singer Manufacturing Company to become the world's largest maker of sewing machines, and by 1863 Singer had received twenty patents for the machines

34. Telephone
Alexander Graham Bell created instant communication with the telephone in 1876
In 1877, he and two other men formed the Bell Telephone Company to exploit the invention
The first telephone exchange, operating under license from Bell Telephone, opened in New Haven, CT in 1878 and within three years, telephone exchanges existed in most major cities and towns

35. Bessemer Process
During the 1850s,Henry Bessemer was able to quickly and cheaply make steel out of iron
As strong metals are needed to build complicated machinery, Bessemer figured out a way to mix cold air to remove the impurities that weakened steel, and his converter was able to produce stronger steel that could be used in a wider variety of ways
Blast of high-pressure air oxidizes impurities in molten iron and converts it to steel

36. Light Bulb
In 1879, Thomas Edison electrified the word by making a long-lasting indoor electric light
He put together what he knew about electricity with what he knew about gas lights and invented a whole of electrical system

37. Pasteurization & Vaccinations
Louis Pasteur increased the shelf life of milk and created the first vaccines for rabies, anthrax, chicken cholera, silkworm diseases, in the 1860s
The process of pasteurization was named after him after he discovered that spoilage organisms could be inactivated in wine by applying heat at temperatures below its boiling point
The process was later applied to milk and remains the most important operation in the processing of milk

38. Airplane
Oliver and Wilbur Wright made air travel possible by inventing the airplane in 1904
In the two years afterward, they developed their flying machine into the world's first practical fixed-wing aircraft, along with many other aviation milestones

39. Model T & the Assembly Line
In1902, Henry Ford made an automobile that was affordable to the average person due to his efficient assembly line
Ford found efficient ways to mass produce cars in order to lower the price by using interchangeable parts, continuous flow, division of labor, and reducing wasted effort

40. ALL of them had an impact!
QUIZ WIZ
Which invention do you think had the most impact on the Industrial Revolution?
ALL of them had an impact!

41. Improvements in Transportation41

42. Better Transportation
Steam boats invented
-1st steam boat (Clermont) was created
from Watt’s steam engine idea
Built better roads
-roads were equipped with large stones for
drainage with a smooth layer on top
Railroads
-Increased production and increased need to transport goods quickly and cheaply
-Fueled other industries : coal, steam engines, iron
-Made travel easier

43. More means of transportation Easier travel More output produced
QUIZ WIZ
What were the results of the improved transportation?
More means of transportation
Easier travel
More output produced

44. Factory Work
Several new inventions helped businesses produce cloth and clothing more quickly
Business owners built huge factories to mass produce items for a higher profit
Business owners primarily invested in new machinery over the well being of their employees

45. Industrial Life
The new inventions created helped the machine driven factories to expand
Factories created new jobs for workers
New and improved transportation allowed people to work in areas away from home (rural areas to cities)
Eventually causing a population shift from rural living to city living

46. Why would business owners invest in new machinery over workers?
QUIZ WIZ
Why would business owners invest in new machinery over workers?
They were focused on making the most profit and machines were replacing people

47. 2. Factories develop to house the machines
Cause & Effect
1. Machines are Invented
2. Factories develop to house the machines
3. Industrialization develops creating
the Industrial Revolution!
4. Factories provided new jobs
5. People migrated from rural areas to
urban center for work

48. What were the results of the Industrial Revolution?
QUIZ WIZ
What were the results of the Industrial Revolution?
-new inventions
-factories created due to industrialization
-new jobs were created
-population grew
-migration from rural to city