1. Introduction to Fiction
English II

2. Defining Fiction
Fiction: Originally defined as anything made up, created, or shaped. **Refined Definition: Prose story based on the imagination of the author.

3. What are the two Purposes of Fiction?
1. Read for entertainment!
2. Write to say something significant about human experience.

4. Who was the originator of the Short Story?
a short, concentrated tale that can be read in one sitting.
has limited characters and a restricted setting
Who was the originator of the Short Story?
Why?
He felt people’s lives were too busy to read long works; they needed to pick it up and finish it before putting it down again.
Who: Edgar Allan Poe
Why: He felt people’s daily lives prevented them from reading long works. Also, a story read in ONE sitting allowed for maximum impact on the reader.

5. The four Major Elements FICTION
Plot
Character
Setting
Theme

6. the series of events that make up a story
What is the Plot?
the series of events that make up a story

7. What is A Character?
the imaginary people, animals, or objects that model the good and bad of human beings.

8. can be a natural or artificial environment
What is The setting?
the time or place
can be a natural or artificial environment

9. what the story reveals about life
What is The Theme?
what the story reveals about life
the central idea presented throughout the story

10. Literary Terms and Devices

11. the perspective of the story the voice of the narrator
Point of View
the perspective of the story
the voice of the narrator

12. Symbol
A thing that may be understood to mean something beyond itself. For example: A heart, a flag, a bald eagle, etc.

13. When the intended meaning is the opposite of the actual meaning.
Irony
When the intended meaning is the opposite of the actual meaning.

14. a story meant to be read on a symbolic level
Allegory
a story meant to be read on a symbolic level

15. the repetition of initial consonant sounds
Alliteration
the repetition of initial consonant sounds
Examples:
Sally sells sea shells…
Candy Kisses
Debbie Downer

16. giving a non-human object human characteristics
Personification
giving a non-human object human characteristics
Examples:
The chair groaned as she pushed it in.
The engine of the car screamed as he accelerated.
The cat smiled before lunging at the ball of yarn.

17. a comparison of two unlike things using “like” or “as”
Simile
a comparison of two unlike things using “like” or “as”
Example:
He eats like a pig.

18. a comparison of two unlike things; DOES NOT use “like” or “as”
MEtaphor
a comparison of two unlike things; DOES NOT use “like” or “as”
Example:
He is a pig.

19. when an author hints at future events of the story
Foreshadowing
when an author hints at future events of the story

20. a break in sequence of a story to an earlier time
FLASHBACK
a break in sequence of a story to an earlier time

21. the feeling of uncertainty about events to come
Suspense
the feeling of uncertainty about events to come

22. a reoccurring literary element
motif
a reoccurring literary element
helps the author develop/stress important ideas
repeated symbols that represent the theme

23. IMAGERY
the author’s use of language that appeals the 5 senses the reader feels a part of the story

24. allusion
an author’s reference to a well known person, text, object, event, etc.
He’s a real Romeo with the ladies!

25. an extreme exaggeration
hyperbole
an extreme exaggeration

26. paradox
a statement that is seems to contradict itself because it contains to truths, but in general, both cannot be true at the same time