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Chapter 13 Macromolecules in Solution: Thermodynamics and Equilibria

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 13 Macromolecules in Solution: Thermodynamics and Equilibria"— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 13 Macromolecules in Solution: Thermodynamics and Equilibria
13.1 Fundamentals partial molar quantities partial specific quantities partial molar volume partial specific volume

2 Total volume of system

3 Chemical Potential (partial molar free energy) G = H –TS =E + PV -TS Gibbs-Duhem Eq.

4   The Ideal and Nonideal Solutions
Molar free energy of pure component Valid for

5 Entropy change in mixing from Chapter 2

6 1: solvent, 2: solute The chemical potential of the solvent should be reduced by adding solute

7 Virial coefficient

8 Protein aggregation Solute shape

9 13.2 Application of the Chemical Potential to Physical Equilibria
Dialysis Equilibrium 1 2 At equilibrium, a(tot) = a(free) + a(bound)

10

11 Osmotic Pressure Pure Solvent Solvent + Solute

12 If the solution is very dilute,
Osmotic pressure Y = b a X

13 Y = b a X

14

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