1. Adverbs of Frequency Let’s begin!
This lesson is designed for a group of beginning to intermediate level ESL (English as a Second Language) students.
Let’s begin!

2. What are these? regularly almost always often never rarely frequently
almost never
never
sometimes
Choose one!
verbs
adverbs
adjectives
regularly
rarely
frequently
infrequently
This lesson will help students gain understanding of the usage of frequency adverbs and improve their knowledge of the most commonly used adverbs of frequency.
This lesson will take several strategies to help students learn the adverbs of frequency. It will begin with a list of the frequency adverbs and see whether or not students can find the common feature of the words in the list. Recognizing what they know in the list and what they do not yet know will be also used as a means of scaffolding approach.
often
almost always
seldom
occasionally

3. You’re right! a verb (She drove fast.- How did she drive?)
Those are the adverbs of frequency.
Adverbs are words that modify:
a verb (She drove fast.- How did she drive?)
an adjective (She drove a very fast car. — How fast was her car?)
another adverb (She drove quite slowly. — How slowly did she drive?)
Although students chose a right answer, extra information on adverb is given to refresh students’ memory about adverb in general.

4. What are frequency adverbs?
Frequency adverbs are adverbs that state how often something happens or someone does something. For example, Eric often rides a bicycle. Andy goes to school by himself everyday.
On this slide, the definition of the adverbs of frequency will be presented. Thus,

5. Do you have any idea how often?
Next slide is a chart of frequency adverbs, the numbers after the adverbs will give you an idea of the how often an event would take place.
Visual aids like chart will help students understand the adverbs of frequency more easily.

6. Percentages of Frequency Adverbs Tabl
always
100%
nearly/almost always
90%
usually
80%
very often/
frequently
70%
often
60%
sometimes
50%
occasionally
40%
almost ever/ never
20%
seldom/
almost never
10%
never 0%

7. Examples of Frequency Adverbs
I always brush my teeth in the morning. (100%)
She usually arrives to work on time. (90-99%)
I visit my grandparents frequently. (75-90%)
My dog often sleeps on my bed with me. (75-90%)
Sometimes he eats eggs for breakfast. (25-50%)
I go for a walk in the park occasionally. (25-50%)
We seldom eat out. (10-25%)
My family rarely goes on vacation. (1-10%)
He never helps me clean the house. (0%)

8. Test your knowledge on frequency adverbs.
Andy is an excellent student. He _____ goes to class.
always
usually
sometimes
seldom
A short quiz will make sure that students understand what they read so far.

9. Good job!
Common adverbs of frequency are never, almost never, hardly ever, rarely, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, almost always, and always. As you remember correctly, these adverbs are ordered from 0% occurrence to 100% occurrence.

10. Try this!
Eric goes to the gym only two or three times a year. He ____ goes to the gym.
always
never
usually
seldom

11. Good Job!
You are right!
As you understand well, we use frequency adverbs to describe how often we do something. We usually place the frequency adverb between the subject and the simple present verb in the sentence. Sometimes they are placed at the beginning or end of a sentence. Frequency adverbs come after the verb "be".

12. Test your knowledge again.
Mike goes to the beach whenever he can. He _____ misses a chance to go to the ocean.
never
always
usually
Use of simple verbs that the students have already become used to using in their everyday life can help students focus on learning the adverbs of frequency. Students will extend their knowledge of frequency adverbs by taking quizzes and tests provided.

13. Think again! Read below sentences to understand how each frequency
adverb is used in a sentence:
I always brush my teeth in the morning.(100%)
People usually smile when they are happy .(90-99%)
We often visit our friends’ home. (75-90%)
Sometimes Andy makes coffee for his mother.(25-75%)
They seldom go to the theater.(10-25%)
Eric rarely drinks tea.(1-10%)
Brian never runs.(0%)

14. Positions of frequency adverbs
Frequency adverbs are placed before the main verb except if the main verb is the verb "to be" the adverbs comes after the adverb.

15. Positions of Frequency Adverbs 1
If the sentence has only one verb in it, we
usually put the adverb in the middle of the
sentence, i.e. after the subject and before
the verb:
subject
adverb
verb
predicate
Andy
always
goes
to school by car.
Another example of visual aids. Using table will make students see the position of frequency adverb more easily and clearly.

16. Positions of Frequency Adverbs 2
The adverb usually comes after the verb "be":
subject
verb
adverb
predicate
Sam is
frequently
late

17. Positions of Frequency Adverbs 3
If a sentence has more than one verb in it, the adverb is usually placed after the first part of the verb:
subject
Verb 1
adverb
Verb 2
predicate
She
doesn’t
usually
drink
wine. I
will
never
smoke
again.

18. Remember!
With have and used to, the frequency adverb is usually placed in front.
For example,
We always used to look forward to eating at the restaurant.
I never has any trouble with my old computer.

19. Positions of Frequency Adverbs 4
Frequency adverbs can be placed either at the beginning or end of the sentence.
adverb
subject
Verb 1
predicate
Sometimes he
goes
to church.
subject
verb
predicate
adverb He
goes
to church
sometimes.

20. Exceptions:
Always cannot be placed at the beginning or end of the sentence.
Never, rarely, and seldom cannot go at the end of a sentence. They only can be put at the beginning of a sentence and have to be followed by the special word order. For example,
Rarely had the orchestra given a worse performance.
Seldom has there been a better time to discuss our
differences.

21. Positions of Frequency Adverbs 6
When using adverbs of frequency in the negative form, put the adverb before the main verb.
(cf. Never, rarely, seldom and other negative sense of frequency verbs are not used in the negative form.)
subject
Auxiliary verb
adverb
verb
predicate I
don’t
often go
to the movies

22. Let’s take a quick quiz. Read each sentence below, then decide if the
[Frequency Adverb] goes “before” or “after” the
verb.
never BEFORE AFTER
I eat green onions.
always BEFORE AFTER
Eric is happy when he plays with his best friend.

23. Try to remember:
Frequency adverbs come before other verbs (play, sing, learn, work, etc.) 
I always help my brother. Jake usually comes early to school. Andy and Eric often swim together.

24. Congratulations! What the adverbs of frequency are
Now you’ve become the EXPERT on Frequency Adverbs!
So far, you have learned:
What the adverbs of frequency are
What frequency adverbs do
Where each of frequency adverb is placed in a sentence
Don’t forget to keep practicing what you’ve learned today!
This slide summarizes the things students have learned and encourages students’ learning.