1. Indian Land Cessions

2. Major 18th century events
1763 (Treaty of Paris – end of French & Indian War)
Proclamation Line
Colonists forbidden to cross Appalachians
Segregates Indians from colonists
1783 (Treaty of Paris – end of American Revolution)
Opposing tribes massacred
Opens up trans-Appalachia to white settlement
Northwest Ordinance (1787)

3. 1763

4. 1783

5. Major 19th Century events
Indian Removal Act (1830)
Created Indian Territory (Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska)
Civil War ( )
Tied up US Army
Afterwards, troops sent to the West
Allotment Act (1887)
Divided up reservations

6. Other 19th Century events
Mexican-American War ( )
California Gold Rush (1849)
Homestead Act (1862)
Railroad Enabling Act (1866)
Oklahoma Land Rush (1889) – ”Sooners”

7. Trail of Tears Initiated under Andrew Jackson
Continuation of policy of separation
Efforts to move out 5 tribes
Choctaw (1831)
Seminole (1832)
Creek (1834)
Chickasaw (1837)
Cherokee (1838)

8. Trail of Tears

9. Indian Territory Established 1830 Indian Removal Act
Borders: Red River to Missouri River

10. Indian Territory –

11. Indian Territory – 1854-1889 Area reduced:
Kansas & Nebraska Act (1854)
Homestead Act (1862) opens up land to settlement
Allotment Act (1887)
Railroads bought land from Indians
Involvement in Civil War -> land loss as penalty
Land run in Oklahoma (1889)

12. Indian Territory

13. Oklahoma