1. Vertebrates: Introduction
A: Classification – all belong to Phylum Chordata

2. B: Shared Characteristics
Have a backbone encases/protects the dorsal nerve cord (spine)
Two sets of paired appendages
Closed circulatory system (Blood in vessels) powered by a heart
Breathing apparatus (lungs or gills)

3. The Five Groups!
1. Fish
2. Amphibians

4. The Five Groups!
3. Reptiles
4. Birds

5. The Five Groups
5. Mammals

6. II. Fish Definition: Aquatic (live in fresh or salt water)
Have scales, fins and gills (in general; exceptions exist)
Ectothermic (cold blooded)

7. B: Members: Three types: Cartilagenous (sharks and rays)
Bony fishes (salmon, guppies, tuna, eels)
Jawless Fishes (Hagfish, lampreys)

8. III. Amphibians A: Definition: Name: amphi = both bio = life
Most live on land as adults, but breed in water, and are aquatics as larvae
Eggs lack a shell and may dry out
Have lungs as adults
Supplement breathing by respiration through moist skin
Ectothermic (cold blooded)

9. Members:
Two basic types:
Salamanders
Frogs and toads

10. IV. Reptiles Definition: Adapted for life out of water (on land)
Scales on skin (prevents water loss); doesn’t grow, and must be shed
Lungs for breathing
Eggs covered with leathery shell
Ectothermic (cold blooded)

11. Members:
1. Three basic types:
Lizards and snakes
Crocodilians
Turtles

12. V. Birds Definition Body covered in feathers
Front limbs modified into wings
Have beaks
Eggs covered in a chalky shell
Endothermic (warm blooded)

13. Members: 27 member of class Aves! Includes: Owl Eagle Chicken Penguin
Finch
Pelican
Duck
Etc…….

14. VI. Mammals A. Definition: Endothermic
Fur, fat layer under skin, sweat glands in skin all to regulate body temperature
Mammary glands to produce milk to feed young
Most are viviparous (young are born alive, not in egg)
Different kinds of teeth (to match food type)

15. Members: 1. Three basic types based on reproductive differences:
Placental Animals
Young develop internally in uterus
Primates, ungulates, rodents, cetaceans, carnivores

16. Marsupial mammals
Young develop in uterus, but born early in development
Crawl up mother’s fur and into a pouch
Attach to nipple, continue development
Koala, opossum, kangaroo
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17. 1. Monotreme Animals Young hatched from eggs Fed milk by mother
Echidna, duck billed platypus