1. Family and Consumer Sciences Fashion
FIBERS AND YARNS
Family and Consumer Sciences
Fashion

2. FIBERS FIBERS ARE THE BASIC INGREDIENTS OF ALL FABRICS.
They are the tiny strands that make up yarns.
Fibers can be natural or synthetic.
Most fabrics are made from fibers that have been spun together into yarns.
Others, such as felt, are made by shrinking and pressing fibers together until they are tightly tangled in a mat.

3. Natural fibers are made from plants or from the hair of animals.
COTTON
WOOL
SILK
LINEN

4. NATURAL FIBERS
Each natural fiber has it’s own special characteristics. But they all tend to absorb moisture and to allow air to reach your skin, so you stay comfortable.
They keep you warm in winter and cool in summer. However, they usually require special kinds of care.

5. COTTON Cotton is the most common fiber.
It comes from the seed pod of the cotton plant.

6. Cotton

7. COTTON

8. COTTON CHARACTERISTICS SOFT COMFORTABLE ABSORBENT STRONG EVEN WHEN WET
WRINKLES AND SHRINKS UNLESS TREATED
EASILY LAUNDERED

9. COTTON

10. LINEN Linen is another fairly common plant fiber.
It comes from the stalk of the flax plant. 10

11. Flowering Flax 11

12. Flax Plant 12

13. Linen
Linen comes from the stalk of the flax plant 13

14. CHARACTERISTICS OF LINEN
COOL
ABSORBENT
STRONG
STIFF
SHRINKS UNLESS TREATED
EASILY LAUNDERED
WRINKLES -REQUIRES IRONING
Unless treated 14

15. Linen 15

16. Wool
Sheep
What are the properties of wool?

17. WOOL IS MADE FROM THE HAIR OF SHEEP.
OTHER ANIMALS THAT PROVIDE HAIR THAT IS USED FOR WOOL:
CAMELS (ALPACA)
GOATS (CASHMERE)
RABBITS (ANGORA)

18. W O O L

19. WOOL FACTORY

20. RABBIT
ALPACA CAMEL
CASHMERE GOAT

21. CHARACTERISTICS OF WOOL
WARM
RETAINS BODY HEAT
RESISTS WRINKLES
NATURALLY WATER REPELLANT
CAN SHRINK WITH HEAT AND MOISTURE
CAN BE DAMAGED BY MOTHS
USUALLY DRYCLEANED; SOMETIMES WASHABLE

23. SILK
What is silk made from?

24. Silk is made by an insect called the silkworm.
The fibers come from a cocoon that the worm spins around itself.
Silk fabric is manufactured by spinning and then weaving the silk strands.
When straightened, threads can reach lengths of 3,000 ft.
Silk fabric is lustrous (shiny), soft, lightweight, and warm.

25. SILK WORMS
Silk worms

26. SILK WORM COCOON

27. SILKWORM LARVA AND COCOON

28. CHARACTERISTICS OF SILK
NATURAL LUSTER
SOFT
FLEXIBLE
VERY STRONG FIBER
CAN BE DAMAGED BY PERSPIRATION
USUALLY DRYCLEANED; SOMETIMES WASHABLE

29. SILK

30. SYNTHETIC FIBERS
Until the end of the last century, all fabrics were made from natural fibers. But today, many fabrics we wear are made from synthetic fibers.
These are fibers formed all or in part by chemicals by scientists in laboratories.
The first entirely synthetic fibers were produced shortly before World War ll.
These fibers were made of petroleum and other chemicals.

31. SYNTHETIC FIBERS
Many synthetic fibers were made to replace or copy natural fibers. Nylon was made to look like silk. Vinyl is a substitute for leather.
An advantage of synthetic fibers is that they are easy to care for.

32. SYNTHETIC FIBERS ACETATE RAYON ACRYLIC SPANDEX NYLON TRIACETATE
POLYESTER
RAYON
SPANDEX
TRIACETATE
POLYURETHANE
VINYL

33. RAYON ABSORBS MOISTURE WEAK WHEN WET
MAY WRINKLE OR SHRINK UNLESS TREATED
USUALLY DRYCLEANED; SOMETIMES WASHABLE

34. RAYON

35. NYLON BLENDS WITH OTHER FABRICS FOR ADDED STRENGTH HOLDS SHAPE WELL
DOESN’T ABSORB MOISTURE
DRIES QUICKLY
STRECHES

36. ACRYLIC DOES NOT CAUSE ALLERGY LIGHTWEIGHT YET WARM
BLENDS WITH MANY OTHER FIBERS
RESISTS WRINKLES
NEVER USE A HOT IRON
DRYCLEANED Or LAUNDERED

37. POLYESTER RESISTS WRINKLES BLENDS WITH OTHER FIBERS FOR
HOLDS OILY STAINS
WASHABLE, DRIES QUICKLY
PILLS

38. POLYESTER

39. ACETATE ATTRACTIVE SILK LIKE LOOK HOLDS SHAPE WELL
MAY WRINKLE AND FADE
USUALLY DRYCLEANED 39

40. SPANDEX EXCELLENT STRETCH AND RECOVERY
COMBINES WITH OTHER FIBERS FOR STRETCHABILITY
WASHABLE, AVOID CHLORINE BLEACH

41. SPANDEX

42. TENCEL DURABLE BOTH WET AND DRY ABSORBANT RESISTS WRINKLES
ANTI-BACTERAL
SHRINKS
CAN BE EXPENSIVE

43. TENCEL