1. FLUKA Status and Perspectives
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
for the FLUKA collaboration
LCG, Sept. 2006

2. FLUKA collaboration A. Fassò SLAC
M.Brugger, F. Cerutti, A. Ferrari, S. Roesler, G. Smirnov, F. Sommerer, V.Vlachoudis
CERN
J. Ranft
Univ. of Siegen
G. Battistoni, M. Campanella, E. Gadioli, M.V. Garzelli, M.Lantz, S. Muraro, P.R. Sala
INFN & Univ. Milano
F. Ballarini, A. Mairani, A. Ottolenghi, D. Scannicchio, S. Trovati
INFN & Univ. Pavia
M. Carboni, A. Mostacci, V. Patera, M. Pelliccioni R. Villari
INFN Frascati
A. Empl, L. Pinsky
Univ. of Houston
T. Wilson, N. Zapp
NASA-Houston
WEB page:
NASA grant for FLUKA development
1000 users
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

3. Major steps since March 2005
May 2005 : definition and approval of the FLUKA license
July 2005 : release of FLUKA ; release of the FLUKA source code for INFN and CERN researchers
October 2005 : Publication of the FLUKA description and user guide as a CERN yellow report ( CERN )
September 2006 : Release of FLUKA
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

4. Highlights from FLUKA 2005.6 release notes:
Elimination of the PEMF preprocessor
Radioactive products online evolution and associated remnant dose calculation
Electromagnetic dissociation for heavy ions
New photon cross sections (EPDL97)
New/updated photon interaction models
Interface to DPMJET-3 ( 2.53 already available)
Use of parentheses in the geometry
Extension of the PEANUT hadronic generator to anti-nucleons and extension of its energy range
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

5. New Release: FLUKA
Major new features: (see release notes for details)
Input by names
Generation of primary ionisation events (request by ALICE)
New high-energy hadronic generator (available as option, will become the default)
Improvements in the evaporation/fission models
First implementation of photon-muon pair production (mu-pair).
An initial implementation of the BME model for low energy nucleus-nucleus interactions (available on request)
Activity concentration 2D/3D binnings (was only by region)
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

6. New high-energy generator
The accurate and reliable low energy generator,
PEANUT,
has been extended with the inclusion of Glauber multiple interactions
Data from the HARP experiment at CERN
First published results : 12.9 GeV/c p on Al,
+ production vs emission energy and angle
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06
presented at COSPAr2006, Beijing july 006

7. New generator: NA49 p on C
Double differential + - production for p C interactions at 158 GeV/c, as measured by NA49 (symbols) and predicted by FLUKA (histograms)
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

8. Example of new fission/evaporation
The overall result in the residual predictions in the spallation zone:
Striking improvement for actinides (which was poor before)
Nice improvement for non-actinides (Pb, Au etc, it was already not bad)
Global improvement in the mass distribution of fission fragments for all.
For non fissionable light-medium mass nuclei differences are minor: Smooth out some features and in particular some excessive odd-even effect
1 A GeV 208Pb + p reactions Nucl. Phys. A 686 (2001)
Data
Old FLUKA
New FLUKA
New only when exp data exists
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

9. Example of Activity maps
Activation of the n-ToF target
8.4×1011 p/s GeV/c
6 months irradiation/ 6 months off
from Apr2001 to Oct2004
Cooling down till May 2006
Side view (averaged over 80 cm width )
Front view (averaged over 60 cm length )
Lead target, Steel support, immersed in cooling/moderating water
Simulations from
E. Lebbos et al.,
« CERN nTOF Facility :
Résultats de la simulation de l'activité de la cible de n-TOF “
EET internal report
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

10. The “FLUKA team” (AB-ATB-EET)
4 staff + 2 fellows
Direct responsibility for all FLUKA accelerator-related simulations
Consultancy and support for FLUKA applications in RP and PH
Specific past and present tasks:
IR7 machine protection and damage to electronics
IR4 radiation damage and shielding
Machine protection elements (TCDQ, TDI, TCDD)
CNGS physics, engineering, optimization, radiation protection
n_TOF physics and engineering
Code development
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

11. Simulations for LHC IR7: layout
LHC optics files
Top beam energy
Primary collimators: 6 s
Secondary collimators: 7 s
Absorbers: 10 s E6 C6
IP7 A6
RR73
IR7 Layout contains over 200 objects
Warm section
2 Dispersion suppressors
Collimators with variable positioning of the jaws
 Challenging simulation work
UJ76
RR77
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

12. Warm magnets FLUKA geometry exported to PovRay,
a RayTracer for creating three-dimensional graphs.
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

13. Cold magnets
The superconducting dipoles (MB) are made out of 4 sections to account for the curvature of the real dipoles
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

14. Collimator robustness: C is the only viable choice
TT40 test beam: energy deposition (J/cm3) for GeV protons on the collimator prototype
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

15. Impact of the passive absorber on the most exposed MQW
Most of the radiation passes through the beam pipe
=> The most important parameter is the inner radius.
MGy per year
Constraint: 30 MGy over 10 years
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

16. Technology spin-off : studies on in-beam treatment control with PET:
Final goal: simulation of β+ emitters generated during the irradiation
 In-beam treatment plan verification with PET
337 Mev/u 12C on water, after irradiation
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06
PhD student from ETT

17. Bragg peaks vs exp. data: 20Ne @ 670 MeV/n
Dose vs depth distribution for 670 MeV/n 20Ne ions on a water phantom.
The green line is the FLUKA prediction
The symbols are exp data from LBL and GSI
Exp. Data Jpn.J.Med.Phys. 18, 1,1998
Fragmentation products
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

18. FLUKA Applications at CERN: CNGS
target
Updates of the beam line description
 new simulations for neutrino
fluxes and for CNGS commissioning
muons in 1st  pit
no target,
different proton beam angular misalignments
( from beam dump)
Detectors in the beam pits
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

19. Conferences and workshops
Invited talk at MonteCarlo 2005, Chattanooga, April 2005
Talk at NPDC19, Pavia, Italy, September 2005
Invited talk at Frontier Science 2005, Milano , September 2005
Invited talk at MICROS2005 Venezia, November 2005
Talk at CHEP06, Mumbai, India, February 2006
Invited talk at the 11th International Conference on Nuclear Reaction Mechanisms, Varenna, June 2006
Invited talk at the 36th COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Bejing, July 2006
Invited talk at the XIV International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions, ISVHECRI2006, Weihai, August 2006;
Invited talk and hands-on session at the Workshop on Use of Monte Carlo Techniques for Design and Analysis of Radiation Detectors, Coimbra, September 2006
Talk at HSS06, Fermilab, September 2006
Invited talk at PSI in October
Invited talk in Catania (Italy) in October, for radiotherapy.
… many more on applications/ specific topics
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

20. Users’ courses 3rd FLUKA course PAVIA, March 2006:
34 students from Italy and abroad
Mini-course (3 days) in Milan for 5 LNL researchers
NEXT scheduled beginner’s course : HOUSTON, May 2007
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

21. On-going developments
New QMD model for nucleus-nucleus interactions GeV/A : already interfaced, initialization database and validation to be completed
New neutron library – well advanced
Finalization of BME
new Compton model , last technical details
Glauber calculations of QuasiElastic hadron-nucleus cross section : last step necessary to have the new high energy generator as a default
Graphical user interface ROOT-based
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

22. The new QMD model: examples
QMD + FLUKA
EXP data
RQMD + FLUKA
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

23. END
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06

24. The 50l LAr TPC in the WANF neutrino beam(1997)
Trigger and  reconstruction: NOMAD
Event selection: “GOLDEN sample”
== 1  and 1 proton
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06
ICARUS coll. NUFACT06

25. from 400 QE – golden fraction 16% background – additional 20%
Measured total momentum in the plane perpendicular to the beam direction:
is exactly 0 in free neutrino nucleon interactions
can be non-zero if recoiling nucleus and neutrons are not detected
 dominated by Fermi motion and final state effects
from 400 QE – golden fraction 16%
background – additional 20%
finally expected ±9(stat.)±13(syst. mainly QE fraction and beam simulation)
to be compared with 86 events observed
Very good consistency with expectations
FLUKA
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06
(GeV/c)

26. New generator: NA49 p on C
Feynmann X distributions for + - production for p C interactions at 158 GeV/c, as measured by NA49 (symbols) and predicted by FLUKA (histograms)
Alfredo Ferrari, LCG-06