1. Jefferson, Madison & Monroe

2. Jefferson Republican Agrarianism Reduce the size of Government
Room to grow
Envisioned a nation of small farmers
Expansion & self-reliance
Reduce the size of Government
Cut size of military
Reduced staff size
Idealistic

3. Judicial Review Marbury v. Madison Supreme Court gave a mixed ruling
Judges could review laws for constitutionality
Court couldn’t empower executive branch to act
John Marshall (Federalist)
Known as the Marshall Court-shapes American society through his rulings for 35 years.

4. Chief Justice John Marshall stated,
Marbury v. Madison
Chief Justice John Marshall stated,
“The Constitution is either a superior paramount law, unchangeable by ordinary means, or it is on a level with ordinary legislative acts, and like other acts, is alterable when the legislature shall please to alter it.”
What does this all mean?

5. Louisiana Purchase Strict vs. Loose Constructionists
Jefferson’s need for land out weighed ideals
Strict Constructionalists
Loose Constructionalists
Inclusion of Louisiana into the U.S.
Blend of French and American (British) system

6. Foreign Policy Napoleonic Wars – 1800 -1815
Impressment – Americans taken off of ship by the British navy and forced into service of British
Chesapeake & Leopard Incident
1807
Embargo Act
Did not allow US ships to sail into foreign ports
Hurt New England trading tremendously
Non-intercourse Act – no trade w/Britain and France
Macon’s Bill No. 2 – reopened trade to all nations

7. Indian Policy Jefferson was a continuation of previous policy
Treaties with Indian Nations
Forced upon and dictated to independent Indian Nations
Indian Resistance
The Prophet – religious movement – reject American contact
Tecumseh – created a pan-Indian military resistance movement – mainly in the Old Northwest
William Henry Harrison – Governor of Indiana – gained notoriety for defeating Indian groups

8. War of 1812 War Hawks – Anti-British (mainly West & South)
New England Merchants – “Mr. Madison’s War”
British controlled the seas and blockaded American ports
British attacked and burned Washington D.C.
American were out matched by Britain and ill-prepared for war
Battle of New Orleans – Jackson becomes national hero

9. Hartford Convention New England
old Federalist stronghold
Pro-British, Pro-Trade
Discussed secession (create a new nation)
Want protect themselves from influence from other regions

10. American System Promoted by Henry Clay (Westerner - TN)
Aimed to improve economy and trade
Three Major Points
A protective tariff (to help infant industries)
Bank (to stabilize the monetary system
Internal Improvements – roads, canals

11. Era of Good Feelings 1817-1823 James Monroe’s presidency
Included people from different regions in his administration
Post-war economic boom
Only one major political party
Goodwill tour
Monroe Doctrine

12. Panic of 1819 Western land boom was happening.
Agricultural prices were going up.
But after Napoleonic wars Europe get back to work
Drop in demand for American food stuffs
National Bank starts to restrict availability of credit
Restricting ‘Wildcat’ banks ability to loan money on speculation
Average Americans blame the National Bank
Andrew Jackson runs on this issue
Boom and Bust Cycles
20 year cycles

13. Andrew Jackson Interactions with the American System Banks Tariffs
Internal Improvements