1. Unit 9 Review
What you need to Know

2. American Revolution-Characteristics
Leaders used Enlightenment Ideas
Independence from a colonial power
This resulted in an end to the monarchy in power
Inspired the French Revolution and Latin American independence

3. American Revolution
Pre causes- Magna Carta, English Civil War, and English Bill of Rights, Enlightenment ideas- Natural Law
Taxes on everything, taxation without representation
Results- US Bill of Rights, Constitution, branches of government with checks and balances (Montesquieu)
Inspired the French Revolution and Latin American independence

4. French Revolution
Causes by the inequality of the Three Estates-the church, the nobility, and the people
Taxes were mostly paid by the 3rd Estate -people. The 1st and 2nd Estates asked them to pay more
Enlightenment ideas made the people unwilling to accept the divine right reasons that kings used to rule.
Inspired Latin America’s fight for independence from Spain

5. Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen

6. Reign of Terror

7. Reign of Terror
Robespierre was in control of the Committee of Public Safety that tried to gain back order for the new France after the Revolution.
He used violence to restore order and get rid of those that were against the New France.
He felt that if that was need then violence was justified

8. Popular sovereignty
The principle that the authority of a state and its government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives (Rule by the People), who are the source of all political power.
This idea influenced the demand for the right to vote in France

9. Napoleon Introduced reforms more in line with the French Revolution
People supported Napoleon because they felt that he would bring stability and get rid of France’s enemies
Made himself Emperor in 1804
European Impact- Nationalism spreads throughout Europe
World impact- Weakened Spain that helped Latin America with their revolutions

10. Napoleon European Impact- Nationalism spreads throughout Europe
World impact- Weakened Spain that helped Latin America with their revolutions

11. Nationalism
The loyalty of a people to their values traditions and geography.
Common language, history and culture

12. LATIN AMERICA
What are the differences in ownership in South America from 1790 to 1828? In 1790, what foreign powers own South America? In 1828, how is South America different?

13. Latin American Revolutions
Inspired by the American and French Revolutions
Enlightenment ideas
Simon Bolivar (Venezuela) and Miguel Hidalgo (Mexico) lead the fight for independence.