1. Script Theory R. Shanks Script Theory Example:
(Roger Shank)
Script Theory Example:
Schemata for generalized episodes are "scripts." Scripts allow the learner to make inferences about situations by filling in missing information. Thus, understanding is developed by a blend of experiential observations and inferences made from previous experiences stored in memory.
According to Roger, the only way we learn is through "doing," and failure. Failure gets our attention; it fosters an emotional response, which is essential for learning. “ (Roger Shank’s script)
A Brief Explanation
A script is a mental construct like schema, which consists of a sequence of actions or events necessary to achieve a goal. It can also include relevant people, locations or objects.
Shank developed the concept of computer scripts (a.k.a schemas) resulting in a co-authored book with Robert Abelson titled, Scripts, Plans, Goals and Understanding: An Inquiry Into Human Knowledge Structures. Shank’s transferred the understanding of computer scripts to human knowledge (Shanks, 2009)
Interactive
Focus
Active
The Four Types of Scripts
Episodic - managing situations and events
Instrumental - using and displaying procedural knowledge
Personal - representing one's own goals and plans
Definitional object recognition
Key Theorist: Roger Shank
A leading visionary in artificial intelligence, learning theory, cognitive sciences and building of virtual learning environments
Developed the contextual dependency theory and script theory
Professor Emeritus at Northwestern University and CEO of Socratic Arts
Developed XTOL (experiential teaching on line.)

2. Strengths of Script Theory Criticisms of Script Theory
Leverages a sequence of events from the learner’s point of view to engage the learner’s schema.
Enables a clear framework for human knowledge processing.
Criticisms of Script Theory
Script theory lacks research and evidence of its success in more complex learning situations.
Script theory does not explain how scripts are created.
(Learning theories)
References:
Learning theories. (n.d.). Retrieved from
Roger shanks script theory. (n.d.). Retrieved from Theories of Learning in Educational Psychology
Script theory (r. schank). (n.d.). Retrieved from
Shanks, R. (2009). Roger shanks thinking. Retrieved from
Shanks, R. (Photographer). (2009). Roger Shanks [Web Photo]. Retrieved from
Websites
Books by Roger Shanks
Teaching Minds: How Cognitive Science Can Save Our Schools
Lessons in Learning, e-Learning, and Training: Perspectives and Guidance for the Enlightened Trainer
Tell Me A Story: Narrative and Intelligence
Engines for Education