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Unit 6 Section 5 Aftermath of War
TYWL: Global interaction may be caused by conflict. / Forces of imperialism, nationalism, militarism and geo-political alliances, taken to the extreme, can lead to international conflicts. / Nationalism and the quest for power are often underlying causes for war. / Conflict occurs when compromise over land, national identity and colonial possessions is no longer an option between those in authority and those they serve.
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Question of the Day You should take steps now to cease military resistance. Otherwise, we shall resolutely employ this bomb and all our other superior weapons to promptly and forcefully end the war.” . . . This paragraph from a 1945 Allied leaflet warned the Czechs of a German invasion Koreans of a Russian invasion Americans in Hawaii of a Japanese attack Japanese civilians of a United States attack
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Europe in Shambles Europe is destroyed by war
Prior to end of war, Allies begin discussing what post-war Europe will look like Yalta Conference – February, Stalin, Churchill, Roosevelt meet. Temporary division of Germany Soviets will join war against Japan Stalin promises free elections in Eastern Europe
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Casualties of War
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Casualties of War World War 2 resulted in approximately million deaths worldwide Soviet Union ~25 million China ~15 million United States – 420,000 United Nations created in April, 1945 in hopes of avoiding future conflicts
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End of War April 12th, 1945, FDR dies in office – Harry Truman becomes President May 8th, 1945 – Victory in Europe (VE Day) September 2nd, 1945, Victory over Japan Day (VJ Day)
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War Crimes Trials Trial of Nazi War Criminals held at Nuremberg, Germany - high level Nazi officials 12 of 24 defendants sentenced to death Nazi fugitives are being pursued to this day
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Occupying Japan General Douglas MacArthur in charge of post-war Japan
Creates Constitution and democratic reforms Focus on economic development eventually makes Japan an industrial power Hideki Tojo is executed December 23rd, 1948 Emperor Hirohito is exonerated
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Potsdam Conference July, 1945
Truman is tested as Stalin denies free elections in Poland – breaks Yalta promise Germany is divided into East and West; capital of Berlin is also divided US occupies West, Soviets occupy East Tension is already building Question for US – how to keep Europe out of communist hands?
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