1. Rome – Ruler of the Ancient World “Civilis Romanus Sum”
by: Mr. Ian Christian P. Cosido

2. Roman Empire: Julio-Claudian Dynasty
Augustus Caesar (Octavian)
Tiberius – plots and violence became common
Caligula – cruel and insane
Claudius – made Britain part of the empire
Nero – responsible for burning Rome

3. Roman Empire: Flavian Emperors
Vespasian – financial reforms, infrastructures like Colosseum
Titus – destroyed Jerusalem, Mt. Vesuvius eruption
Domitian – strengthened economy

4. Roman Empire: The Five Good Emperors
Nerva – used the adoptive system
Trajan – brought Mesopotamia, north of Danube and east of Black Sea under Rome, aid for poor and tax reforms
Hadrian – built the Hadrian wall
Antoninus Pius - skilled administrator and builder
Marcus Aurelius – “philosopher king”

5. Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
by: Mr. Ian Christian P. Cosido

6. Decline of Roman Empire: Causes
Lack of able and dedicated rulers
Decline of cities in the West
High taxes
War and Unrest (like barbarian invasion led by Attila, Vandals)
Buying power of money dropped
Widespread immorality

8. Decline of Roman Empire: Strong Rulers
Diocletian – appointed loyal generals as co-rulers in Western regions
Constantine – gave Christianity an equal rank with other religions, built Constantinople (now known as Istanbul)

9. Fall of Rome Rome was attacked by the barbarians.
Visigoths, Ostrogoths, Huns, Franks, Jutes, Angles attacked the Roman Empire.

10. Fall of Rome
Rome was attacked by Vandals
Odoacer replaced Romulus Augustulus, thus ending ceasing the Roman Empire to exist

11. Contributions of the Roman Empire
by: Mr. Ian Christian P. Cosido

12. Roman Contributions
Government and Law
Separation of Powers
Law of the Nation
Civil Laws (foundation of the modern legal system)
Republicanism
Veto Power

13. Roman Contributions
Art and Literature
Virgil – wrote Aeneid (story about Aeneas, a Trojan, who went to Italy and became the ancestor of the Romans)
Horace – criticized human greed
Ovid – retold Greek and Roman myths in Meramorphoses
Latin Language
utilized realism in painting
Cicero – Prince of Roman orators

14. Roman Contributions
Architecture
Pantheon

15. Roman Contributions
Architecture
Colosseum

16. Roman Contributions Architecture aqueducts public baths arches roads
bridges

17. Roman Contributions
Science, Mathematics and Engineering
Ptolemy – proposed the geocentric theory
Galen – wrote a medical encyclopedia
set up first medical schools and public health services
introduced the Roman Numeral

18. Roman Contributions
Other contributions
developed Julian Calendar (365 days with additional one day every four years)
use of ante meridiem (A.M.) and post meridiem (P.M.)
History – Livy, Tacitus and Pliny the Elder

19. Roman Contributions

20. Rome – Ruler of the Ancient World “Civilis Romanus Sum”
by: Mr. Ian Christian P. Cosido