1. Reproductive System

2. Section 34.1 Objectives
Identify and describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the human female and male reproductive systems.
Female: ovaries, oviduct (fallopian tube), uterus, cervix, and vagina.
Male: seminal vesicle, prostate gland, vas deferens, urethra, epididymis, scrotum, penis, and testes. 

3. Reproductive System
Specialized organs, glands and hormones that produce offspring
Develops during puberty

4. Female Reproductive System
Functions:
Produce ova (egg cells)
Provide place where zygote develops

5. Female Reproductive System

6. Female reproductive system
Ovaries: paired organs, produce mature egg cells (born with 2 million germ cells); releases the hormone estrogen

7. Role of Hormones in Females
Control development of sexual characteristics
Develops eggs before they leave ovaries
Prepare uterus for pregnancy every month and help maintain pregnancy

8. Female reproductive system
Fallopian Tubes:
Receives mature ova
Ovum travels through tube where it can be fertilized
Ends in the uterus

9. Female reproductive system
Uterus:
Pear shape
Lower end is the cervix
If egg is fertilized, it will attach and implant into wall of uterus

10. Female reproductive system
Vagina: canal through which the baby will exit the mother’s body

11. Male reproductive system
Functions:
Produce sperm
Deliver sperm to female reproductive system

12. Male reproductive system
Testes
Paired organs that produce sperm
Release the hormone testosterone

13. Role of Hormones in Males
Stimulates the production of sperm cells
Controls development of sex characteristics

14. Male reproductive system
Scrotum:
Encloses testes
Hangs below pelvis (cooler temperature)
Epididymis:
Stores sperm, allows them to mature

15. Male reproductive system
Vas deferens: Long duct that leads to urethra (tube that exits the penis)
As sperm travel through, additional seminal fluids from the seminal vesicle and prostate gland are added – forms semen

16. Male reproductive system
Penis: organ for reproduction through which both semen and urine will exit

17. On the back of notes: Construct a sequence diagram for an egg cell.
Explain why a high fever might affect sperm production.

18. Warm Up
Where in the body does meiosis occur?
If a person develops cancer in their liver, can they pass that on their offspring? Explain why or why not.

19. Section 34.3 Objectives
Describe the process of human development from fertilization to birth.
Identify and relate the function of the placenta, umbilical cord, amniotic sac and fluid to the development of the fetus.

20. Bellringer please write on top margin of pg 95 in ISN
Explain human development from fertilization until the fetus stage. Include each name of development stage and important info about it.

21. Fetal development Fertilization produces a zygote (fertilized egg)
Zygote develops into the morula (solid ball of cells – 8 cells big)
Morula develops into the blastocyst (hollow ball of cells)
Implants in the wall of the uterus

23. Blastocyst develops into embryo:
Gastrulation: The formation of three cell layers in the embryo
Ectoderm: outer layer
Mesoderm: middle layer
Endoderm: inner layer
Neurulation: Development of structures that will form the nervous system (brain, spinal cord)

25. Embryo is Nourished and protected by several membranes:
Amniotic sac: fluid-filled, cushions embryo, regulates temps
Placenta: organ that allows for exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and wastes
Umbilical cord: connects embryo to placenta
Arteries allow for oxygen and nutrients from mother to diffuse into chorionic villi, which are then carried to embryo by umbilical cord
A vein carries wastes to chorionic villi, which then diffuse into mother’s blood and are secreted in her urine

26. Zygote develops into a fully formed fetus in about 38 weeks
Pregnancies are divided into trimesters
Activity: Stages of Development Poster Project

27. Describe how an embryo gets nourishment.
Warm Up
Describe how an embryo gets nourishment.

28. 3. First Trimester Stem cells differentiate into tissues and organs
Body plan develops
At 9 weeks, embryo becomes a fetus (3cm)

29. 4. Second trimester
Fetus continues to develop and becomes more active

30. 5. Third Trimester
All organs fully formed
Baby is born at weeks

31. On the back of notes:
Why might a fetus be more easily damaged by genetic errors or toxic chemicals during the first trimester than during any other trimester?