1. CHAPTER 6: Source of energy

2. Energy exists in many forms.
Form of energy
Various forms and Sources of Energy
Electrical energy
Light energy
Heat energy
Sound
energy
Energy exists in many forms.
Kinetic
energy
Potential energy
Chemical energy
Nuclear energy

6. 1. Condition
2. Situation

8. Akhir Tahun 2011

9. A Solid Heat flow and its effects
Showing the effects of heat energy on solids, liquids and gases
A Solid
1.Place the metal ball on the metal ring
Can the metal ball pass through the ring?
2.Heat the metal ball with a Bunsen Burner. Place the metal ball on the metal ring
Can the metal ball pass through the ring?
3.Let the metal ball cool down to the room temperature. Place the metal ball
on the metal ring again
Can the metal ball pass through the ring now?
4.What conclusion can you make from your observation

10. B Liquids 1.Put the flat-bottomed flask into the hot water
What happen to the level of coloured water in the glass tube
2.Put the flat bottomed flask into the cold water
What happen to the level of coloured water in the glass tube
4.What conclusion can you make from your observation

11. Heat flow
1.Heat can flow from one place to another. It can flow in three different ways
i. Conduction
ii. Convection
iii. Radiation
2.Conduction is the flow heat through solid
3.Convertion is the flow heat through liquids and gases
4.Radiotion is the flow of heat through vacuum
7.5
Showing how heat flow in three different way
Conduction A
Prepare a 50 cm long iron rod, By using wax, stick five thumbtacks on the rod
at 5 intervals
2. Clamp the iron rod to a retort stand
3.Heat the free end of the iron rod
i. What do you observe
ii. What is the function of the fireproof board
4. What conclusion can you make from your observation

12. Convection Radiation B i. Liquids
1.Tear a piece of paper into small piece
2.Put the small pieces into the water in a beaker
3.Heat the water in the beaker
What do you observe
4. What is your conclusion?
ii. Gases
1.Prepare the apparatus as shown
2. Light the candle and the rop
What do you observe
3. What is your conclusion? C
Radiation
1.Prepare the apparatus as shown
2.Place the thermometer about 10 cm from the bulb
3.Swith on the vacuum pump
4.Observe the reading of thermometer
5.Swith on the bulb
6. After 10 minute, observe the reading of the
thermometer again
What do you observe
What your conclusion?

13. 1.The hotter water or gases rise because it less dense
Convection current
1.The hotter water or gases rise because it less dense
2.The cold water or gases coming to replace the hotter
water or gases
Natural phenomena involving heat flow
Natural phenomena such as sea breeze, land breeze and
warming of earth by the Sun.
Cool air

14. Thermometer
Hot water
Metal can
Rubber band
styrofoam
Aluminium
Question
1.Compare the different between the initial temperature and final temperature
of water in each can. What do you observe.
2.Which material allows heat to pass through it easily?
3.Which materials does not allows heat to pass through it easily?
4. Which materials is a heat insulator?
5. Which materials is not a heat insulator?
6 . Is your smart guess true?
7.What is your conclusion? 8.

15. 1.Crystal iodine, Dry ice and naphthalene
CHANGE OF STATE -
By heat energy
Condensation
Boiling
Gases
Sublimation
Evaporation
melting
Freezing
liquid
solid
Sublimation
ABSORB / RELEASE HEAT ?
1.Crystal iodine, Dry ice and naphthalene
Condensation
1.Rain, clouds and Droplet at glass contains ice.

16. Application of the Principle of Expansion and Contraction of Matter
The principle of expansion and contraction is commonly applied in daily life
1.Mercury in thermometer
Mercury is a good heat conductor.
It expand rapidly when it absorbs only a little heat
iii. When the temperature drops. The mercury contract and the level
of mercury in the glass tube drops
2. Bimetallic strip in a fire alarm
2. Fire alarm
When there is a fire, the bimetallic is heated. As the brass bar expands
more than the iron bar
ii. The bimetallic strip bends towards the contact screw. The circuit is complete
and the fire alarm will ring

17. Gap in railway track
Gap 3.
The gap is allow the track to expand during very hot today
in railway track 4.
You can loosen the cap easily when you dip the cap of the bottle into hot water for
a few minute
Gap for
expand
Fixed end
roller 5.
To allow for movement when a steel bridge expands or contract,
one of its end is fixed while the other end is free to move over roller

20. energy in everyday life
converters
Energy conversion
Moving car
Chemical energy  kinetic energy
Lighted candle
Chemical energy  heat energy + light energy
Alarm clock
Potential energy  kinetic energy  sound energy
Electric kettle
Electrical energy  heat energy
Strecthed bow and arrow
Solar cell
Light energy  electrical energy
Bicycle dynamo
Kinetic energy  electrical energy  light energy + heat energy
Television
Electrical energy  light energy + sound energy
Hair dryer
Telephone
hydroelectric
Potential energy  kinetic energy  electric energy

21. Renewable and non-renewable energy
advantages
disadvantages
renewable
Non renewable

23. Penutup
1. Baca Surah Al-`Ashr
2. Tasbih Kifarah.