1. Biomedical Technology
Cell Biology & Cancer Unit Objective 1 Cancer types, incidence, pre-disposition, and risk factors

2. Cancer Facts Group of 100 diseases Diseases that develop across time
Characterized by uncontrolled cell division
Can develop in any body tissue

3. Cancer Facts
5. Hereditary and environmental factors contribute to development of cancer
6. Second leading cause of death in US
7. Men have one in two risk and women have one in three risk in their lifetime.
8. Risk increases with age

4. Cancer types Benign Malignant Metastatic
Classification of the cancer type depends on cause and location
Each type has its own growth rate, prognosis and treatability

5. Benign
Not dangerous
The best type of news a cancer patient can receive.
Does not invade nearby tissues or spread to other parts of the body

6. Malignant Is the invasive type of cancer.
It invades nearby tissues and spreads to other parts of the body.
Malignant is the word often used to describe cancer although not all cancer is malignant.

7. Metastatic The spreading of the primary cancer
to another part of the body.
Examples:
Breast cancer spreads most commonly to
the bones.
Colon cancer spreads most commonly
to the liver.

8. Inherited disposition
Means they are more likely to develop cancer than the general population
Can inherit a susceptible mutation which occurs in all body’s cells
For instance if your mother and
grandmother had breast cancer you are
more likely to develop breast cancer.

9. Risk Factors Exposure to carcinogens Cigarette smoking
Exposure to the sun
Females – family history of breast cancer
Fair skin
Chemicals, radiation, and viruses

10. Relationship to exposure and development of cancer
Cancer can develop decades after exposure to carcinogens
Cancer does not always develop after exposure
Cancer develops over time and could be from different causes.
Cancer can occur at any age and any location

11. Terminology associated with the diagnosis of cancer
Incidence rate – number of new cases per year per 100,000 persons.
Mortality rate – number of deaths per 100,000 persons per year
Survival rate – proportion of patients alive at some point after their diagnosis of a disease.

12. Additional Information
Mortality rate is the same as death rate and fatality rate.
Example: If the mortality rate is 90% there is
a 90% chance of death.
Survival rate is the opposite of mortality rate.
Example: If the survival rate is 90% there is a 90% chance of survival or cure.

13. Chance of surviving cancer increases with early detection and treatment

14. Cancer Facts Review Cancer is a group of how many diseases? 100
2. Cancer develops;
a. Suddenly b. Across time
Cancer is characterized by;
a. uncontrolled cell division
b. controlled cell division

15. Cancer Facts Review 4. What part of the body can cancer develop in?
Virtually any of the body’s tissues
5. Name two known factors that contribute
to cancer.
Hereditary and environmental factors

16. Cancer Facts Review
6. Cancer is one of the top 10 leading causes of death in the U.S. What place does it hold in the top ten?
Second
Men have one in _____ chance of getting cancer in their lifetime.
two
8. Women have one in _____ chance of getting cancer in their lifetime.
three

17. Cancer Facts Review 9. Name three types of cancer.
Benign, Malignant and Metastatic
10. Cancer classification depends on two
factors. What are they?
Cause and location
11. Each type of cancer has three
characteristics that are unique to each.
What are they?
Growth rate, prognosis and treatability

18. Cancer Facts Review 12. As a person gets older what happens to
the incidence rate of cancer?
It increases with age
13. What does inherited predisposition
mean?
Can inherit a susceptible mutation than
can become cancer

19. 14. Name eight risk factors associated with
Cancer Facts Review
14. Name eight risk factors associated with
increase incidence of cancer.
Exposure to carcinogens
Cigarette smoking
Exposure to the sun
Females – family history of breast cancer
Fair skin
Chemicals
Radiation
Viruses

20. Cancer Facts Review 15. Name two actions that you can take to
increase your chance of surviving cancer.
Early detection and treatment
16. Number of new cases per year per
100,000 persons is the ___________ rate.
incidence

21. 17. The number of deaths per 100,000
Cancer Facts Review
17. The number of deaths per 100,000
persons per year is the _______
rate.
Mortality
18. Proportion of patients alive at some point after their diagnosis of a disease is the ________ rate.
Survival