1. Conditionals
Ready for First
Unit 11

2. Do Now: Complete the following superstitions with complete sentences
If you find a penny…
If you break a mirror…
If you walk under a ladder…
If you swallow watermelon seeds…

3. Introduction There are four main Conditionals Zero, 1st, 2nd & 3rd
There is also ONE mixed condtional
Combined structures of 2nd & 3rd
They are created with TWO Clauses
If (main) clause
Result Clause

4. Commas There is a fixed rule with the use of a comma.
If you start with the main clause, you must use a comma to split the clauses.
You do not use a comma if you start with the result clause.

5. Probable/possible versus Impossible
100% (possible/ probable) Zero/First
50% Second
0% (Impossible) Third

6. Zero Conditional It’s a fact!!!
Uses:
Use the zero conditional to talk about scientific facts, constant laws of nature, unchangeable rules, customs and personal routines.
Formula:
If + present simple / present simple
Positive Example:  
If/When it is lunch time in London, it is breakfast time in New York.
Negative Example:  
If/When it is not below zero degrees Celsius, it is not snowing.
Notes:
Either if or when can be used in the if-clause.

7. Rules
There are two key things you need to remember when it comes to the structure of Conditionals.
Conditionals are split in to two clauses.

8. First Conditional Uses:
Use the first conditional to talk about probable/possible conditions in the future, or for threats or warnings involving direct action.
Formula:
If + present simple / future (Will or Would)
Positive Example:  
If it rains tomorrow, I will bring my umbrella.
Negative Example:    
If you don´t like a food, don´t eat it.
Notes:
You can use an imperative in the main clause
 You can use the present continuous or present perfect instead of the present simple.

9. Examples of First Conditional
If there is a zombie attack, they will shut down the school.
If they shut down the school, I won’t get to go to class.
If I don’t get to go to class, I will join the army.
If I join the army, I will fight against the zombies.
If I fight against the zombies, I will become a war hero.

10. Do Now: Finish each of these sentences.
When you arrive late to school…
you have to go to the office.
If it doesn´t stop raining before sport…
we will play volleyball inside.
If Moni were taller…
she would ride on the rollercoaster.
If it hadn´t been so cold yesterday…
I would have gone to the game.

11. Second Conditional If Beyonce won the Lotto Conditional…
Uses:
Use the second conditional to talk about unreal or hypothetical situations in the present or improbable events in the future.
Formula:
If + past simple / would or wouldn´t + infinitive
Positive Example:  
If I met Obama, I would ask for his autograph.
Negative Example:  
If I didn´t have a small house, I would invite you all to a party.
Notes:
You can use the past continuous instead of the past simple.
Instead of would, you can use could or might.

12. Third Conditional Back to the Future: Get your Delorean
Uses:
Use the third conditional to talk about past events that are untrue.
Formula:
If + past perfect/ would have or wouldn’t have + past participle
Positive Example:  
If you had paid attention, you would have known what to do.
Negative Example:
If they had not been looking the other way, they would have seen the sign.
Notes:
You can use the past perfect continuous instead of the past perfect.

13. Conjugate the verb in parentheses
If she had studied, she ____ (pass) the exam.
If she had studied, she would have passed the exam.

14. Conjugate the verb in parentheses
If I hadn't eaten so much, I ____ (feel) sick last night.
If I hadn't eaten so much, I wouldn’t have felt sick last night.

15. Conjugate the verb in parentheses
She wouldn't have been tired if she ____ (go) to bed earlier.
She wouldn’t have been tired if she had gone to bed earlier.

16. Conjugate the verb in parentheses
She _____ (become) a teacher if she had gone to university.
She would have become a teacher if she had gone to university.

17. Conjugate the verb in parentheses
He would have been on time for the interview if he _____ (leave) the house at nine.
He would have been on time for the interview if he had left the house at nine.

18. Practice
Directions: Write a dialogue for an argument between two people (based on the card you draw).
Include at least five examples each (ten total) of the third conditional.
Include at least two vocabulary words from the board.
Your argument must have some sort of resolution.

19. Mixed Conditionals
When we talk about mixed conditionals, we are referring to conditional sentences that combine two different types of conditional patterns.

20. Mixed 3/2 Conditional
3rd conditional in the if-clause followed by a 2nd conditional in the main clause
Example:
If he had taken the medication as prescribed, he wouldn't still be sick in bed.
If Clause (3rd)
Main Clause (2nd)
If + had/hadn’t +
past participle
Would/wouldn’t +
infinitive

21. Mixed 3/2 Conditional
With this combination we are describing what the outcome would be in the present, if things had happened differently in the past.
the opposite of what actually happened
Example: If she had taken reasonable precautions, she wouldn't be pregnant now.
Hypothetical present outcome

22. What is the difference between the third conditional and the mixed conditional?
Describes what the outcome would have been in the past, if things had happened differently in the past.
Example: If Vika hadn’t given birth to a unicorn, she wouldn’t have gone to the hospital last night.
Describes what the outcome would be in the present, if things had happened differently in the past.
Example: If Vika hadn’t given birth to a unicorn, she wouldn’t be a mother today.

23. Would/wouldn’t + have +
Mixed 3/2 Conditional
If clause (2nd)
Main Clause (3rd)
If + simple past
Would/wouldn’t + have +
past participle
2nd conditional in the if-clause followed by a 3rd conditional in the main clause
Example: If you weren´t so scary, you wouldn’t have made the baby cry.

24. Mixed 2/3 Conditional
With this combination we are describing ongoing circumstances or characteristics in relation to a past event.
ongoing characteristic
Example: If you weren't such a poor dancer, you would've got a job in the chorus line in that musical.
past event

25. Mixed Conditinal Practice
If you weren't so blind to his faults, you ____________________that he was out to swindle you. (realize)
If you weren't so blind to his faults, you would've realized that he was out to swindle you.

26. Mixed Conditional Practice
If he hadn't run after the car thief and suffered a heart attack, he ____________________ (die).
If he hadn't run after the car thief and suffered a heart attack, he wouldn't have died.

27. Mixed Conditional Practice
She wouldn’t need a visa to work here if she __________________ (be) born in Europe.
She wouldn’t need a visa to work here if she had been born in Europe.

28. Mixed Conditional Practice
Sam would have translated the letter for you if he ______________ (speak) Russian.
Sam would have translated the letter for you if he spoke Russian.

29. Do Now
Directions: Complete the following sentences using either the 3/2 or 2/3 mixed conditional.
If he hadn’t lost his mind….
You would have got the girl….
Perry would be a millioinaire….
If she weren´t so spoiled….