1. Warm Up
“There is another late act of parliament, which appears to me to be unconstitutional, and … destructive to the liberty of these colonies … The parliament unquestionably possesses legal authority to regulate the trade of Great Britain, and all her colonies. I have looked over every statute [law] relating to these colonies, from their first settlement to this time; and I find every one of them founded on this principle, till the Stamp Act administration … All before, are calculated to regulate trade … The raising of revenue … was never intended … Never did the British parliament, [until the passage of the Stamp Act] think of imposing duties in America for the purpose of raising a revenue. [The Townshend Acts claim the authority] to impose duties on these colonies, not for the regulation of trade … but for the single purpose of levying money upon us.”
1765 – John Dickinson – Letters From a Farmer in Pennsylvania
1.) According to Dickinson, what taxes was Parliament justified in imposing on the colonies?
2.) Why did he object to the Stamp Act and the Townshend Acts?

2. Road to Independence: 1763-1776
The “ACTS” of War

3. Key Idea! What does the term “Taxation Without Representation” mean?
3) Warm Up!

4. 4) Colonial Perspective
“Acts” of War
4) Colonial Perspective
The Navigation Acts (1673)
Outlawed direct trade w/ anyone other than Britain
Grenville Writs ( )
Smugglers tried not by jury of peers, but British courts
Writs of Assistance
Illegal searches of people and property now legal
Smuggled goods seized, smugglers jailed (no trial!)
Sugar Act (1764)
Taxed sugar and molasses imports
The Stamp Act (1765)
Tax on ALL printed materials
The Declaratory Acts (1766)
As part of British Empire, colonies subject to any and all laws and taxes placed by Parliament
The Townshend Acts (1767)
Taxed ALL imported goods
Goods colonists couldn’t produce so had to import
Glass, tea, paper, lead, etc.
The Quartering Act (1767)
Colonists required to house, feed, and supply British troops
Without pay!!!

5. I was fair and impartial!
The Boston Massacre
5) Your thoughts?
Relations b/t ‘Red Coats’ & colonists grow very tense
5 March 1770
Red Coats in Boston
Colonists yelling and throwing them
British soldiers panicked as crowd pushes toward them
Red Coats fire into the crowd!!!
5 colonists die as result
Soldiers put on trial in colonial courts
Receive fair trial
Found acted in self defense
I was fair and impartial!

6. 6.) How does the engraving tell a different story from the description of the Boston Massacre?
On March 5, 1770, a crowd of Boston boys and men surrounded a number of British soldiers and began taunting and cursing them while they pelted them with snowballs. Order quickly broke down, and the frightened soldiers fired into the crowd. When the shooting ended, several people were dead and more were wounded. This engraving by Paul Revere, a leader of the Boston Sons of Liberty, was sent throughout the colonies in the following weeks to arouse anti-British feelings.

7. 8.) Committee of Correspondence
The Word Spreads
7.) Killings used as…
Colonial leaders use killings to fuel stronger boycotts
Told story of orderly crowd and bloodthirsty Red Coats
Fuel to the fire
March repeal Townshend Acts (except tea tax)
Restores calm
Prime Minister promises not to raise money by taxing
Colonial radicals still think infringing on their rights
1772- Sam Adams creates Committee of Correspondence
Used to organize protests and spread word of misdealings
Brings colonists together
8.) Committee of Correspondence

8. A Crisis Over Tea!?! Few years of peace but…
9.) Goal of boycotts
Few years of peace but…
May tea tax left over from Townshend turns into “The Tea Act”
British East India Company will now sell directly to colonists
Bypasses colonial merchants
Lose huge amounts of money
Public protests soar
Colonists boycott BEIC tea
Sam Adams calls for boycott of ALL British goods!!!
Large public mtgs. in Boston and Philly
Vow to block unloading of BEIC tea
Shipments to NYC, and Philly forced to turn back
Shipment to Charles Town seized, but in Boston a showdown approaches
Dun, dun, duh!!!

9. 10.) Boston Tea Party results
The Boston Tea Party
10.) Boston Tea Party results
Massachusetts’ Royal Governor says Boston will take the tea
Tells ship captain to prepare to unload
Tension Grows
Ship stays loaded in harbor for 2 weeks
Samuel Adams leads crowds of angry colonists in protest
16 December 1773-
Colonists disguised as Mohawk Indians board midnight
In just 3 hours…
They opened and destroyed every single chest of tea on the ship
342 chests dumped overboard
Liberty Kids: Tea Party 21:36

10. TEA PARTY, TEA PARTY, YEAH!!!
Edenton Tea Party
On October 25, 1774
Mrs. Penelope Barker organized, at the home of Mrs. Elizabeth King, fifty-one women in Edenton, North Carolina.
In response to the Tea Act of 1773
The women of Edenton signed an agreement saying they were “determined to give memorable proof of their patriotism”
Together they formed an alliance wholeheartedly supporting the American cause against “taxation without representation.”
One of the earliest organized women’s political actions in United States history.
News of the Edenton Tea Party quickly reached Britain.
During the 1770s, political resistance was common. But an organized women’s movement was not.
So, the Edenton Tea Party shocked the Western world.
Even though the Edenton Tea Party was ridiculed in England
It was not taken seriously because it was led by women.
It was praised in the colonies.
The women of Edenton represented American frustrations with English monarchical rule and the need for American separation and independence.
11.) Significance?

11. The Intolerable Acts (1774)
12.) Coercive Acts - What are they? Other Name?
Word spread throughout the colonies
Colonists celebrated in the streets
When word hits London… reaction was very different!!!
British response is swift and severe
Pass 4 very harsh laws in spring of 1774
Called the Coercive Acts by crown
1.) closes Boston harbor until tea paid for (no ship in or out)
2.) cancels the Massachusetts Bay Colony’s charter
bans all public mtgs. w/o Governor permission
3.) law-breakers to be tried in London
4.) new Quartering Act instituted
Plan was to isolate Boston from rest colonies
Colonies stuck together sending food and provisions to Massachusetts
Colonists rename them the Intolerable Acts!

12. 13.) Exit Ticket: Primary Source
Analyze the political cartoon.
1) What is the cartoon showing?
2) Explain the imagery (what is going on, explain each part and what it symbolizes).
13.) Exit Ticket: Primary Source