1. Socialization Part II

2. Agents of Socialization
Family
Nurturing
Dependent on environment
Racial and Class Identity
Lower social class focuses on obedience
Higher social class focuses on creativity
School
Gender roles
Boys-aggressive
Girls-passive
Manifest function
Teach students
Latent function
Life lesson

3. Peer groups Social group who share common interests, status, and age
Formation of relationships
In groups v. Out groups
Anticipatory socialization
Learning that helps a person achieve a desired position
E.g. dressing a certain way to gain acceptance
Exploratory learning
Topics parents do not share common interests in
Also topics that are not often discussed by parents

4. Mass Media
Means for delivering impersonal communications to a vast audience
People of lower income typically watch more TV
Political Structure
Liberals argue that there is not enough minority representation
Conservatives argue that the media is run by liberal elites
Sex and Violence
Link between aggression in young children and violent content being seen
Oversexualization
Rating System
G=General Audiences
PG=Parental Guidance
PG-13=Parental Guidance minors under 13
TV-14=Show may not be suitable for audiences under 14
R=Restricted to minors under 17
MA=Mature Audiences

5. Figure 1. Percentage of youth aged 12–15 reporting TV watching and computer use daily, by number of hours: United States, 2012

6. Figure 2. Percentage of youth aged 12–15 reporting 2 hours or less of TV viewing and computer use daily, by sex: United States, 2012

7. Figure 3. Percentage of youth aged 12–15 reporting 2 hours or less of TV viewing and computer use daily, by race and Hispanic origin: United States, 2012

8. Life Course Childhood Adolescence Adulthood
Defined differently by cultures
Tasks given accordingly
Children considered adults much more quicker in poorer countries
American culture-First 12 years
Adolescence
Buffer between childhood and adulthood
Teen years
Social contradictions
Formation of Identity
Adulthood
Life accomplishments are being achieved
Personality is more defined

9. Old Age Death and Dying Mid sixties Also culturally defined
In America, can be social outcasts
Due to youth orientation
Death and Dying
Stages of dealing with death (Kubler-Ross, 1969)
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance

11. Remember:
Even though some of the stages in the life course can be defined biologically, it is still a SOCIAL CONSTRUCT.

12. Total Institutions
People are completely isolated from the rest of society and manipulated by an administrative staff.
Also known as what in formal organizations?
3 Important Characteristics
Staff supervises all aspects of daily life
Life is controlled and standardized
Formal rules dictate routines
Resocialization
Changing an inmate’s personality by carefully controlling the environment
2 step process
1. Breaking down the inmates identity
2. Establishing system of rewards and punishments for desired behavior