1. Infection Control II: Personal Protective Equipment
HSTE

2. Standard Precautions
Equipment & methods that prevent transmission of microorganisms from one person to another:
Established early in the AIDS epidemic
Prior to AIDS

3. Standard Precautions Applied to ALL patients/residents
Gloves & Hand washing
Gown, Mask, Caps, & Goggles
Needles should NEVER be recapped
Sharps
Never carry needles or sharps
Unknown spills or waste

4. Transmission-based Precaution
Airborne
Diseases that are spread through the air
Examples include chickenpox, measles, TB

5. Transmission-based Precaution
Droplet
Diseases spread by droplets
E.g. certain types of meningitis and pneumonia, pertussis, influenza, mumps, German Measles

6. Transmission-based Precaution
Contact
Diseases spread by contact with infected skin or objects
E.g. Herpes, impetigo, diphtheria, scabies, AIDS, MRSA

7. Transmission-based Precaution
Reverse or Protective Isolation
This concept is opposite of every other transmission-based precaution
Involves protecting the patient / resident from infectious process
Necessary for immune deficiency / suppressed
E.g. pts with AIDS, transplants, CA chemotherapy

8. Airborne Precautions
Pt room must be private or with other pt with same disease
Room may need special ventilation system
Room door must remain closed

9. Airborne Precautions Staff & Visitors must wear gloves & mask
For prolonged contact with pt you must wear necessary PPE
Pt should leave room as little as possible & wear a mask when doing so

10. Droplet Precautions
Similar to Airborne, but droplet travels no more than 3 feet
Private or semi-private room (with same disease)
If different diseases must be 3 feet apart

11. Droplet Precautions Staff & Visitors must wear gloves & mask
For prolonged contact with pt you must wear necessary PPE
Pt should leave room as little as possible & wear a mask when doing so

12. Contact Precautions Private or semi-private room (with same disease)
Room door must remain closed
Staff & Visitors must wear gloves & mask
For prolonged contact with pt you must wear necessary PPE
Pt should leave room as little as possible & wear a mask when doing so

13. Contact Precautions
Use biohazard waste bags
Disposable equipment

14. Reverse Isolation Private Room
Staff & Visitors must wear gloves & mask
For prolonged contact with pt you must wear necessary PPE
Pt should leave room as little as possible & wear a mask when doing so

15. Exposure Report to the supervisor Complete an incident report
Depends on exposure
Cleanse with antiseptic
Appropriate blood baseline tests
Follow-up Care

16. Application of PPE Handwashing according to protocol
Mary had a little lamb
Equipment is clean, not sterile
Order of application
Gown
Cap
Mask
Gloves (sterile procedure different)

17. Order of Removal of PPE Gloves Cap Gown Mask
If Airborne transmission remove mask just prior to exiting

18. Order of Removal of PPE Hand washing
Place items in proper biohazard containers
When Biohazard containers are full
Double bag