1. The study of tissues Tissues1
Histology
The study of tissues
Tissues1

2. Vocabulary Adip-: fat Chondr-: cartilage -cyt: cell Epi-: upon
-glia: glue
Inter-: between
Macr-: large
Os-: bone
Pseud-: false
Squam-: scale
Strat-: layer
Phag-: to eat

3. Tissues
Tissues: a group of similar cells specialized for a particular function

4. Fun Facts About Skin The body’s largest organ
Most of the dust in homes is dead skin cells
The average body’s skin is as large as a twin size blanket
Skin is about 15% of your body weight…figure out how much your own skin weighs…
Your weight x 0.15 = ?
It takes about 27 days for the outer layer of skin to be replaced… That is about 1.5 lbs of skin cells we shed per year

6. Skin Repair
skin gun

7. Tissue Naming Simple: single layer Stratified: multiple layers
Squamous: flat
Cuboidal: square
Columnar: column (rectangle)

8. Epithelial Tissue Location: Characteristics Function:
Covers all body surfaces inside and outside
Main tissue of glands
Characteristics
Has no blood supply
Cells reproduce rapidly
Cells are tightly packed
Function:
Protection, absorption, excretion, secretion

10. Types of Epithelial Tissue
Simple Squamous
Location: air sacs, capillaries, vessels, membranes
Characteristics: flat, thin, easily damaged
Function: diffusion and filtration

11. Types of Epithelial Tissue
Simple Cuboidal
Location: kidneys, ducts, glands, covers ovaries
Characteristics: single layer of cube-shaped cells
Function: secretion and absorption

12. Types of Epithelial Tissue
Simple Columnar
Location: digestive tract, uterus
Characteristics: can have microvilli, contain goblet cells that secrete mucus
Function: secretion and absorption

14. Types of Epithelial Tissue
Stratified Squamous
Location: skin, mouth, vagina and anal canal
Characteristics: many cell layers, deeper layers divide and push older layers up
Function: protection

16. Types of Epithelial Tissue
Pseudostratified columnar:
Location: lining of air passages and reproductive system
Characteristics: not layered but appear to be, cells vary in shape
Function: protection, secretion, excretion of mucus

17. Types of Epithelial Tissue
Stratified Cuboidal
Location: mammary, sweat and salivary glands, pancreas
Characteristics: 2-3 layers of cells
Function: protection

18. Types of Epithelial Tissue
Stratified Columnar
Location: male urethra and pharynx
Characteristics: several layers of cells
Function: protection and secretion

19. Types of Epithelial Tissue
Transitional
Location: bladder, ureters and urethra
Characteristics: stretches and contracts
Function: blocks diffusion to prevent leaks

20. Types of Epithelial Tissue
Glandular
Location: salivary, sweat and endocrine glands
Characteristics: release fluid, parts of cells or whole cells
Function: secretion
Epithelial Tissue

21. Connective Tissue
Location: Most abundant tissue- found throughout the entire body
Characteristics
Cells are spread out and are within a matrix
Abundant blood supply
Functions
Binds structures together
Supports
Protects
Produces blood cells
Fights infection
Stores fat
Repairs tissue damage
Transports

23. Major Types of Connective Tissue Cells
Fibroblasts: produce fibers
Macrophages: phagocytosis and help in defense
Mast cells: secrete heparin to aid in blood clotting

24. Types of Fibers Collagenous: strong and flexible
Hold structures together
Bones, ligaments, tendons
Elastic fibers: very flexible
Makes up ears and vocal cords
Tissues Connective
connective tissue 2

25. Types of Loose Connective Tissue
Fat, layers under skin
Dense
Cartilage
Bone
Blood

26. Types of Loose Connective Tissue
Adipose Tissue:
Function: protects, insulates, stores energy and fat
Location: under skin, kidneys, heart, eyeballs

27. Types of Loose Connective Tissue
Areolar tissue:
Function: binds organs
Location: beneath skin and muscles

28. Types of Loose Connective Tissue
Reticular tissue:
Function: supports
Location: walls of liver and spleen

29. Types of Connective Tissue
Dense Connective Tissue
Function: Binds organs
Location: tendons, ligaments, deep layers of the skin
Hyaline cartilage
Function: supports, protects, provides framework
Location: ends of bones, nose, respiratory passages, ribs
Elastic Cartilage
Function: supports, protects and provides flexible framework
Location: ear and larynx

30. Types of Connective Tissue
Fibrocartilage
Function: supports, protects, absorbs shock
Location: between vertebrae, pelvic girdle, knee
Bone
Function: supports, protects, provides framework
Location: bones of the skeleton
Blood
Function: transports substances, maintains homeostasis
Location: blood vessels and heart

31. Types of Connective Tissue
Muscle Tissue
Smooth: organs
Skeletal: muscles
Cardiac: heart muscle

33. Types of Membranes
Epithelial: cover body surfaces and lines body cavities
Serous: lines cavities with no openings to the outside
Secretes serous fluid for lubrication
Mucous: line cavities and tubes that open into the outside of the body
Secretes mucus
Cutaneous: skin
Synovial: lines joints

34. Nerve Tissue
Nervous Tissue: found in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves
Neurons: basic nerve cells that respond to and send electrical impulses
Coordinate, regulate and integrate bodily functions
Neuroglia: support and bind nervous tissue together