1. CHAPTER 12: Many Centers Meeting
contact
conflict
cooperation
combination

2. challenges to Protestant center
Conflict
challenges to Protestant center
new immigrants
new religious movements
internal divisions
Protestant fears
discrimination against “others”

3. The Roman Catholic “Plot”
Catholics were seen as suspicious
“superstitions”
celibacy
secrecy of convents
authoritarian foreign leader
Textbook description of this image: “The Aim of Pope Pius IX, This titled cartoon from a Protestant nativist flyer advertised the Reverend Isaac Kelso’s Danger in the Dark, an anti-Catholic novel. With the cartoon’s depiction of the pope destroying the U.S. Constitution, note the irony of the caption’s allusion to ‘Romish intolerance.’”

4. nativist organizations
Nativist Reactions
war against nunneries
convent burned
Maria Monk’s Awful Disclosures
nativist organizations
Know-Nothing party
KKK

5. Decline of Anti-Catholicism
John F. Kennedy
1st Catholic president
addressed fears of Catholicism
Vatican Council II reforms
alliances with conservative Protestants

6. The Jewish “Conspiracy”
anti-Semitism in late 19th century
accused of banking conspiracy
history as moneylenders
accused of being “Christ-killers”
lynching of Leo Frank

7. The Pluralist Struggle
strategies to maintain distinctions
separation
reinterpreting boundaries
boundary markers
resistance
mission work

8. Extremes of Separation
Jim Jones & Peoples Temple
Jonestown in Guyana
prophetic message of liberation
mass religious suicide
ultimate separation of death

9. Using Missions to Counter the Mainstream
Mormon missionaries
Christian Science reading rooms
Jehovah’s Witnesses “publishers”
ISKCON flower sales at airports

10. Protestant Pluralism: Liberal vs. Conservative
Social & political battle for the center:
abortion
same-sex marriage
feminism
evolution
affirmative action
immigration
capital punishment

11. Conservative coalitions Liberal coalitions
Unlikely Partners
Conservative coalitions
Evangelical / Catholic / Mormon / Orthodox Jew
Liberal coalitions
liberal Protestant / secular humanist / ”spiritual”
Catholic-Jewish relations
Jewish-black relations

12. Religious Combinations
a culture exploring ways to unify
creation of an American identity
Non-Protestant groups adopted:
“Protestant-style” worship
Sunday services
denominational organization
millennialism

13. Summing Up the Present dialectic between the One & the Many
expansion & contraction
reactions of conflict & combination
Millennialism and its Problems-postponing present resolutions by living in the future