1. CIS101 Week 1 Chapter 1 Why Computers Matter to You:
Becoming Computer Literate
Chapter 1 introduces the basics of becoming computer literate, including many concepts that will be developed throughout the course.
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2. Chapter Topics Computer literacy Computers and careers
Technology challenges
Topics include:
Computer literacy
Computers and careers
Technology challenges
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3. Why Become Computer Literate?
Benefits of learning about computers include:
Being a knowledgeable consumer
Using current and future technology
Increasing your career options
Understanding ethical and legal implications
The information age is upon us, and every corner of our lives has been affected. Everything we do—our work, our play, the way we communicate and carry on commerce, and our relationships—has been affected by computers. By becoming computer literate you will be familiar enough with computers to understand their capabilities and limitations and to know how to use them. Becoming computer literate is what this course is all about.
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4. Be a Savvy Computer User and Consumer
Avoid hackers and viruses
Protect your privacy
Understand the real privacy and security risks
Use the Internet wisely
Now that the personal computer is such a large part of our lives, knowing how to analyze, choose, purchase, and maintain your own computer system is a required skill for success in the academic and business worlds.
Being a savvy consumer will help you accomplish all the goals on this and the following slide. It will save you money, make you more productive, help you protect your identity, and ensure that you have a working system when you need it. As technology evolves, you will also be able to keep up and adapt.
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5. Be a Savvy Computer User and Consumer
Avoid online annoyances
Maintain your computer
Make good purchase decisions
Integrate the latest technology
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6. Computers in the Workplace
Information technology (IT) involves:
Information handling
Information retrieval
Computers
Telecommunications
Software deployment
The seven fastest-growing occupations are computer related.
Computers are used in most occupations, and one career that often comes to mind is information technology. IT is the set of techniques used in handling and retrieving of information automatically. IT includes computers, telecommunications, and software deployment.
IT jobs are on the rise, and the seven fastest-growing occupations are computer related.
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7. Computers in Your Career?
Computers are used in:
Business
Retail
Delivery
Arts
Computer gaming
Education
Law enforcement
Legal system
Agriculture
Automotive technology
Medicine
Sciences
Regardless of which profession you pursue, computers are most likely in use in that setting.
A National Research Council study concluded that by 2030, computers will replace people in 60% of current jobs.
Becoming computer literate will help you perform your job more effectively and make you a more desirable employee.
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8. Computers in Business, Retail, and Delivery
Data mining
Package tracking
Forecasting models
Business around the world is conducted on computers. Information is stored in enormous databases. To make meaning of all that data, businesses use a process known as data mining to spot trends.
Some businesses use package tracking with wireless Bluetooth technology.
Computers assist businesses with predicting sales and inventory levels.
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9. Computers in the Arts Create Web sites Digitize dance movements
Produce computer-generated art
The creative arts have also been enhanced by computers. Artists communicate and collaborate across oceans. Writers and editors complete their work together from across the country. New forms of graphic arts and cinematography are introduced every day—globally and immediately. Even dance has been enhanced with the computer.
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10. Computers in Gaming Get a job doing: Design Programming 3D animation
The computer and video game industry is enormous. In fact, revenues from computer gaming in the United States have surpassed revenues from Hollywood. Very intricate programming lies behind these games. The animations are the result of years of research and development, and new games are developed every day.
Because computer games are best developed for a local market by people native to that market, game development will most likely stay in the United States instead of being offshored, as many programming jobs have been.
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11. Computers in Education
Instructional software
Distance education
Computerized research
The Internet
Virtual field trips
PDA-guided tours
Computers have given teachers tremendous new tools for presenting information and keeping records.
Colleges offer full degree programs totally online.
Vast stores of information are available wherever there is an Internet connection. Libraries have brought the computer into their operations. Training tutorials are used to teach new tasks, and research is done from the desktop. Education will never be the same.
Museums are incorporating tools such as personal digital assistants (PDAs) to enhance tours by offering extended learning experiences about their displays.
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12. Digital Home
You can control home systems from your computer and via the Internet:
Entertainment
Security
Lights
Heating and cooling
Appliances
Devices can be added to your computer to control digital systems and equipment in the home. In the future, with the integration of new and emerging technologies, a digital home setup will be able to tell when you are out of milk in the refrigerator, order it from the grocery store, and schedule its delivery based on your online calendar.
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13. Digital Home: Components
Media computer with:
TV tuner
Radio tuner
Media software
Blu-ray, DVD, and/or CD
Network adapter
A basic set of digital home components would include a media computer with a TV tuner; a radio tuner; media software; a Blu-ray, DVD, and/or CD player and/or recorder; and a network adapter.
It would also require access to a network, a digital television, a digital media adapter, and a universal remote. Such a system would allow you to show videos or play music from your computer on a television in any room of your house.
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14. Computers in Law Enforcement
Search databases
Predict criminal activity
Employ computer forensics
Law enforcement uses computers to quickly find records, locate possible suspects, and investigate accounts.
Criminologists can use specialized software to forecast criminal activity.
Computer forensics is the application of computer systems and techniques to gather potential legal evidence. Computer programs like the Forensic Tool Kit (FTK) can catalog and index a hard drive and help investigators recover deleted or damaged files from computers used in the commission of a crime.
Software programs are even available to train law enforcement officers to recognize when a suspect is lying.
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15. Computers in the Legal System
Surveillance cameras capture crimes
Forensic animations based on evidence
High-tech courtrooms
Handheld wireless devices to display evidence
Online legal libraries
Computers have changed the way the government interacts with the public. Records, laws, and transactions in electronic form have become common and have increased the speedy access to and usefulness of legal information. From the license plate number that can be run in seconds to the income tax form that can be filed electronically, the computer has had an enormous effect on the law.
Surveillance cameras watch over us constantly, snapping a picture (for instance) when we run a red light.
For use in court, animators make movies of events the way they probably happened, bringing to the screen a clearer picture than mere testimony can provide.
Wireless courtrooms and wireless devices have revolutionized the legal system.
Lawyers utilize electronic databases and libraries.
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16. Computers in Agriculture
Programs manage complex farming business and information systems
RFID tags track and record animals in case of diseases
Computerized sensors monitor conditions and activate equipment to protect crops
Farm management programs assist in managing complex business and information systems.
Radio frequency identification (RFID) tags are placed on the ears of livestock so that animals can be tracked and a record can be kept in case of disease outbreaks.
Computerized sensors monitor conditions and activate equipment to protect crops like cranberries.
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17. Computers in Automotive Technology
Environmental trends and government regulations
Computerized sensors and CPU systems in vehicles
Consumer demand for computerized subsystems
Environmental trends and government regulations influence the use of technology in vehicles.
Automotive technicians diagnose and research problems with computerized sensors and CPU systems in vehicles using computers, databases, and the Internet.
Consumer demand for computer subsystems like GPS navigation, digital music systems, and voice-controlled phones continues to grow.
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18. Computers in Medicine Patient simulators and surgical robots
Digital modeling of human anatomy
The ability of the computer to store, process, and distribute vast amounts of information globally and immediately has led to tremendous breakthroughs in pharmaceuticals and disease prevention. People are living longer, healthier lives, and computers have played a large part in this development.
Medical professionals can now train on patient simulators without risking a patient’s life.
Surgery is being performed with robotic equipment.
In the Physiome Project, bioengineers are creating realistic computer simulations of all human biological systems.
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19. Biomedical Implants Technological solutions to physical problems
Identity chips
Moral implications
Retinal implants are replacing damaged nerves and providing sight to the blind.
Biomedical implants can also monitor systems inside the body for problems and catch them before they get out of control.
Identity chips are being embedded in humans and can be scanned to prove a person’s identity. Will society view implants that contain this kind of personal data acceptable?
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20. Computers in the Sciences
Supercomputers create simulations in
Astronomy
Meteorology
Archaeology
Science has used the computer to streamline studies, eliminate redundancy, test hypotheses, develop theories, and communicate findings. The computer has enabled vast new levels of global collaboration, advancing fields like engineering, chemistry, physics, and cosmology to unprecedented levels.
Supercomputers crunch enormous amounts of data, creating simulations that model planets and their orbits, for instance.
Thanks to detailed simulations, tornado forecasting may be getting more accurate.
3D modeling and imaging software is helping archeologists simulate ancient civilizations.
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21. Computers in Sports Improved training Timing and scorekeeping
Data storage and statistics
Smartballs sense when soccer goals are scored
Computers are now being used to help athletes analyze their performance and improve their game. Watch an auto race and look at the computers in the pits. Coaches in football use computers constantly. Officials use them to control games. The use of computers at the Olympic Games is legendary.
In soccer, Smartballs are used to sense automatically when balls cross the goal line.
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22. Nanotechnology Nano: Prefix stands for one-billionth
Nanoscience: Study of molecules and nanostructures
Nanostructures: Range in size from 1 to 100 nanometers
Nanotechnology: Science of the use of nanostructures
A nanometer is one-billionth of a meter.
Nanoscience involves the study of molecules and structures (called nanostructures) that range from 1 to 100 nanometers.
Nanotechnology is the science involving the use of nanostructures to build devices on an extremely small scale. The devices are called nanoscale machines and represent the smallest human-made structures that can be built.
Working at the molecular level, scientists are building microscopic machines that perform assigned tasks. New materials and processes are emerging in this exciting new field of discovery.
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23. Computers in Psychology
Affective computing: Computing that relates to emotion or tries to influence emotion
Emotional social prosthesis (ESP) device
Biped (two-legged) robots
Affective computing is computing that relates to emotion or deliberately tries to influence emotion.
The emotional social prosthesis (ESP) device, developed by a group at the MIT Media Lab, is targeted at helping people who have autism.
Researchers are also working on bipedal robots that move like humans and can walk, run, and climb stairs.
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24. Challenges Facing a Digital Society
Privacy risks
Personal data collection
monitoring
Copyright infringement
Reliance on computers for security
Digital divide
The information age brings to each of us a set of unprecedented challenges. Our identity can be stolen. Our work s can be viewed. Otherwise law-abiding citizens illegally copy software. Without thinking, we cut and paste from copyrighted material on the Web.
The discrepancy between the “haves” and “have-nots” with regards to computer technology is commonly referred to as the digital divide.
As computers become more and more embedded in our lives, all of these challenges will grow. Using their knowledge and awareness, users must make the personal decisions required to efficiently, legally, and safely maneuver through cyberspace.
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25. Chapter 1 Summary Questions
What does it mean to be “computer literate”?
What does it mean to be “computer literate”?
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

26. Chapter 1 Summary Questions
How does being computer literate make you a savvy computer user and consumer?
How does being computer literate make you a savvy computer user and consumer?
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

27. Chapter 1 Summary Questions
How can becoming computer literate help you in a career?
How can becoming computer literate help you in a career?
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

28. Chapter 1 Summary Questions
How can becoming computer literate help you understand and take advantage of newly emerging careers?
How can becoming computer literate help you understand and take advantage of newly emerging careers?
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29. Chapter 1 Summary Questions
How does becoming computer literate help you deal with the challenges associated with technology?
How does becoming computer literate help you deal with the challenges associated with technology?
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

30. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
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