1. South America
Introduction

2. SOUTH AMERICA 2

3. COUNTRIES Venezuela Guyana Suriname French Guiana Brazil
Paraguay Uruguay
Argentina Columbia
Chile Bolivia
Peru Ecuador 3

4. MAJOR CITIES (a few, not all)
Buenos Aires
Santiago
La Paz
Sucre
Lima
Asuncion
Montevideo
Brasilia
Recife
Salvador
Georgetown
Paramaribo
Caracas
Bogota
Quito
Cayenne
Rio de Janeiro

5. BODIES OF WATER Amazon River Orinoco River Uruguay River Pacific Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Rio de la Plata
Lake Maricaibo

7. FAMOUS PHYSICAL FEATURES
Strait of Magellan
Links the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean
Falkland Islands
Fought over by Argentina and United Kingdom
Angel Falls
World tallest waterfall
Aconcagua (22831ft)
Second tallest peak in the world
Atacama Desert, Chile
Imperceptible rainfall on a yearly basis
Cape Horn
Southernmost tip of South America
Andes Mountains
South America’s longest mountain chain.

10. ANGEL FALLS

12. ATACAMA
DESERT

15. POPULATION Ethnically diverse population
379,500,000 approx. in 12 countries (5th out of 7)
Buenos Aires, Argentina million (#3 in the world)
Sao Paulo, Brazil million (#8 in the world)
Lima, Peru million (#14 in the world)
Most indigenous groups live in the Andes region of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia
Spanish and Portuguese were first, then enslaved Africans (to work) 15

16. DENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION
High rate of population growth
People live on the continent’s edge
”Populated Rim” because of physical geography (Rainforests, deserts, and mountains dominate the interior)
To draw people away from the coast, Brazilian Government moved capital from coastal Rio de Janeiro to Brasilia (located in interior) 16

17. BRAIN DRAIN
People are looking for better wages and living conditions…so many people leave South America
Countries such as Guyana, Ecuador, and Columbia, are experiencing a large brain drain
Brain Drain loss of their more highly educated and skilled workers to other countries 17

18. 18

19. EARLY CULTURES Early societies based primarily on agriculture
Inca developed a highly developed civilization in the Andes (stretched from present-day Ecuador to central Chile)
Ruled through a central government headed by an emperor.
Hierarchical society  emperor, high priest, and army commander had complete authority over everyone else 19

20. INCA’S
Skilled Engineers  built temples and fortresses. Network of roads that crossed mountain passes
No written language  knowledge was passed on to each generation through storytelling
To keep financial and historical records, they used a Quipu  series of knotted cords of various colors and lengths 20