1. CELLS

2. Cell Theory All living things are composed of cells
Cells are the smallest functional part of a living organism
All cells come from other cells

3. CELL TYPES
Cells are either:
PROKARYOTIC or
EUKARYOTIC

4. Prokaryotic cells 1. No nucleus or membrane bound organelles
Plasmid: Circular DNA in prokaryotes
2. Structure:
They have RIBOSOMES!!
Cell membrane
Cell wall (different than plants)
Some have capsules outside wall
Some have pilli or flagella

6. Eukaryotic cells Have NUCLEUS and membrane bound organelles
Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm - everything between plasma membrane and nucleus

7. Organelle
A minute (small) membrane bound structure within a plant or animal cell that has a particular job or function.

8. EUKARYOTIC CELLS

9. Nucleus Has double membrane
Pores (holes or openings) to get messages in and out
Nucleolus - site of ribosome production
CONTROL CENTER for activities & reproduction
DNA & chromosomes housed here.

10. PLASMA MEMBRANE Made of phospholipid and protein bilayer.
Cell boundary
Regulates entering & exiting of materials

11. Cell Walls Rigid Outer boundary Has Cellulose
Also present in fungi and bacteria
Nonliving
Provides shape and protection

12. Mitochondria Site of cellular respiration. Energy production
Powerhouse. Numerous amounts in cells needing lots of energy where a lot of work is done (example: muscle cells)

13. VACUOLE PLANT VACUOLES are larger than animal vacuoles
STORAGE for food and water

14. Chloroplasts
Contains the green pigment chlorophyll which captures light.
Found only in plants.
Site of photosynthesis where light energy is converted to chemical energy.

15. Ribosomes
Site of Protein Synthesis

16. Endoplasmic Reticulum
-A network of membranous tubules within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, continuous with the nuclear membrane.
-Two Types: 1. Rough ER- It usually has ribosomes attached and is involved in protein synthesis
2. Smooth ER- Functions in lipid manufacture and metabolism, the production of hormones, and detoxification.

17. Golgi Apparatus
A complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells
Involved in secretion and intracellular transport
Sometimes referred to as the “UPS” of the cell

18. Lysosomes Found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells
Contains degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane.

19. Centrioles
-A cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells -Important in the development of spindle fibers in cell division.

20. Animal vs Plant Cell Animal cells Plant cells
Roundish
Plant cells
Rectangular
Large permanent central vacuole
Cellulose cell wall
Chloroplasts
(All other organelles are common to both)

21. CELL SPECIALIZATION
Different kinds of cells suited for a different activity.  

22. DIVISION OF LABOR
Different cells divide their labor. Each has a specific function and supports each other.

23. Levels of Structure 1. Cell 2. Tissue 3. Organ 4. Organ system
5. Organism
5. Organism
4. Organ System
3. Organ
2. Tissue
1. Cells

24. TISSUE Can you name some other types of tissue?
Group of cells that are alike in structure and activity in an organism.
EXAMPLES:
muscles - motion
bones – support
nerves - coordination, perception and automatic body functions
Can you name some other types of tissue?

25. ORGAN Several tissues working as a unit
Animal cell: heart, brain, stomach  
Plant cell: stem, trunk, leaf
CAN YOU LIST SOME MORE ANIMAL ORGANS?  

26. ORGAN SYSTEM digestive nervous skeletal excretory respiratory
Many organs involved in carrying out a function
digestive
nervous
skeletal
excretory
respiratory
endocrine
circulatory
muscular
reproductive
integumentary

27. ORGANISM Complete living thing Cell Tissue Organ Organ system
All 4 make up the organism

28. BYE BYE!!
BYE BYE!!

29. Time to do your work    