1. ASSERTIVENESS Assertive behavior:
Way of communication that allows individuals to express themselves (directly, honestly, and appropriately) with respecting other person’s right.
Honestly and straight-forward expression of how we feel (to ourselves and others).
Allow people to stand up for themselves and their rights without violating other's rights.
Several authors have stated that nurses lack assertiveness, claiming that nurses would rather be silent than voice opinions that may result in confrontation
The best style for the nurse manager

2. Assertive nurse, does not mean that he is assertive in all situations.
Assertiveness .Con…
Assertive nurse, does not mean that he is assertive in all situations.
No one is 100% assertive or 0% assertive, it only implies that the nurse is assertive in most situations.
Nurse might be very nonassertive in interactions with his/her supervisor.
Characteristics of the assertive behavior: * Openness * Directness * Spontaneity * Appropriateness

3. Non assertive behavior:
Deny your true feelings and inhibit actions that would reflect these feelings in a given situation
Characteristics of the nonassertive behavior:
Hide your true feelings and inhibit actions that would reflect their feelings.
Often feeling hurt.
Rarely achieve your goals.
Difficulty giving and receiving complimentsمدح ومجاملة.

4. Aggressive behavior:
Accomplish your goals at the expense of others
( emotionally expressive).
The areas for assertive communication:
1. Feeling talk.
Expressions of positive feelings, are difficult for many people.
Some people find it difficult to say “thank you” , “I’m so glad you’re here” or “I’ve thought about you often”.
Rarely that someone deny a compliment??
2. Contradictory opinions: you have to say your opinion freely.
3. Setting limits: very essential in work relationships, especially between superiors and subordinates.
4. Self – Initiation: you must be initiative when express feeling

5. Components of assertive behaviors:
1- Verbal and nonverbal expression.
Keep eye contact and suitable body posture during speaking to others.
Maintaining a congruent facial expression).
Example:
Not smiling when you are angry, and speaking in a infirm, neither too soft nor too loud.
2- Timing:
Be spontaneous in your expression of feelings
Don’t letting issues build until explosion, and not with holding positive feelings until they are losing their warmth.

6. Components of assertive behaviors …cont. :
3- Content of communication:
Say what you are feeling, and be honest
Accept responsibility for your feeling without putting someone else down.
Critique the person’s behavior, not his/her character
4- Appropriateness of response:
Response should be proportional with the event no more, no less than it deserves لا أكثر ولا أقل مما تستحق))

7. Basic skills for assertive communication:
Using “I” instead of you or it, followed by a feeling word.
Using the word I automatically accepting responsibility for your feelings.
Appropriate expressions of anger might be “I’m becoming very angry” I’m bothered by ..
One way of appropriate thinking about the person is smoking and the smoke is traveling back to your face, you might:
First: polite request, “could you please put out your cigarette?”.
Secondly: may increase the strength of your request by adding a feeling “1 feel very uncomfortable from smoking.
Finally : If no results, add a consequence, I’d like you to put it out and if you don’t I will call the manager

8. Barriers to assertiveness:
1- The most famous barrier is female sex role socialization, women are expected to be passive, dependent, subjective, emotionally unstable.. etc.
2-The nursing socialization: (sacrifice, humility, and service to others التضحية والتواضع وخدمة الآخرين )
- Subservient role , follow physician’s orders
- Nurses are part of the health team without making decisions or policies.
- Tend to keep so busy so they ignore their own rights.

9. - Female enjoys if being told that she is different from most women.
3. Queen bee syndrome: nurses face female-female relationship problems.
- Female enjoys if being told that she is different from most women.
The queen bee usually has to work very hard to become a success in a male-dominated society
(Men are more competitive with women than with men, and women are more competitive with women than with other men)
To distinguish levels of assertiveness:
I. Behavioral description, concise, specific and nonjudgmental, and don't attacks on a person’s character
II. Disclosure of feeling: assess your feelings accurately about the person behavior and to describe them appropriately
III. Accurate precise description of the effects of the person’s behavior on your.

10. Comparison of Behaviors
Aggressive
Assertive
Nonassertive
High-self-esteem
Feels self worth, open and honest
Low-self-esteem
Mixed feelings of worth
Act in best interest of
self, & clients
Feels self-pity شعور بالشفقة
Forward & attacking
Feels self to be on peer levelمستوى نظرائه
Shy & withdrawn
Hostile, manipulative
Controls situation
Apologeticمعتذر
Feels must fight for rights
Accept self & maintain client’s rights and needs
Denies self and client’s rights and needs
Attacks situation
Works properly according to each situation
Feels victimized Allows
situation to control him
rather than he controls
situation

11. The end
Thank you
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