1. Skeletal System

3. sternum

5. The Skeletal System Functions of the Skeletal System
Provide support
Protect internal organs
Allows your body to move
Stores and produced materials that your body needs
You have 206 bones in your body
Babies have more WHY?

6. Spongy Bone Outer Membrane Central Cavity
Spongy bone contains flat and needlelike structures that resist stress. Red bone marrow may fill the open spaces in some bones.
Compact Bone
Compact bone makes up the outer layer of all bones. Although it looks dense and solid, It is full of holes for nerves and blood vessels.
Outer Membrane
An outer membrane covers most of a long bone. The inner portion of a membrane contains cells that build up and breakdown bone.
Central Cavity
Central cavities in long bones
usually contain yellow bone marrow (fat).

7. Vocabulary Example Joint
Complete vocabulary on Page 2
Example
Joint
A point in which two bone come together to allowed movement
Ball and socket
located at
the hip

8. VOCABULARY WORD
DEFINITION
WHERE DOES IT OCCUR?
JOINT
Where 2 bones meet
Shoulder, elbow, knee
CARTILAGE
A tough supportive tissue that is softer and more flexible than bone
At the end of bones, ear, nose
OSSIFICATION
Process were cartilage is replaced by bone
Skull ends of bones
MARROW
The soft tissue that fills spaces in bones
Any bone
LIGAMENTS
A strong, fibrous band that holds bones together at a joint
Anywhere 2 bones come together
OSTEOPOROSIS
A condition in which significant loss of bone mass causes bones to become weak and break.
Any bones that don’t receive enough calcium
FRACTURE
A break in a bone
Any bone that has trauma
SPRAIN
Overstretched or torn ligament
And joint that injury occurs
SCOLIOSIS
Abnormal curvature of the spine
vertebrae

9. 5 types of JOINTS in your body
Hinge Joint
Allows for BENDING AND STRAIGHTENING
Immovable Joint
Allows NO MOVEMENT

10. Allows movement SIDE TO SIDE Ball and Socket Joint
Pivot Joint
Allows movement SIDE TO SIDE
Ball and Socket Joint
Allows movement in ALL DIRECTIONS
Gliding Joint
Allows movement in many directions

11. ACTIVITIES TEST TOMORROW Bones relay Egg and vinegar Q-tip skeleton
Page 1 thru 3 in packet
NO NOTES

12. Q-tip Skeleton CREATE A SKELETON SIMILAR TO THAT IN YOUR PACKET
MAKE SURE ALL BONES ARE REPRESENTED, INCLUDING THE LOWER BONES OF THE ARMS AND LEGS
USE THE COTTON BALL FOR HEAD AND MAYBE PELVIS
LABEL ALL BONES
LABEL 5 MUSCLES
DUE AT THE END OF THE HOUR!

13. Muscular System

14. Types of muscles
Smooth Muscle = Involuntary muscles that you DO NOT have direct control over Cardiac Muscle = Involuntary muscle only found in the HEART Skeletal Muscle = Voluntary muscles that you CAN control to do activity

15. What connects our bones an muscles together?
Ligaments = Connects BONE to BONE
Tendon = Connects MUSCLE to BONE
Cartilage = PROTECTS the ends of the bones and allows them to move

16. hamstrings

19. How muscles work
All muscles do work by contracting, or becoming shorter and thicker.
Many skeletal muscles work in pairs.
One muscle in the pair contracts to move the bone in one direction.
Then, the other muscle in the pair contracts to move the bone back

20. Activity on page 273 teachers addition
Muscle Pairs
Bicep contracts
Triceps relaxes
Bicep relaxes
Activity on page 273 teachers addition
Triceps contracts

21. Nervous System

22. What is the Nervous System?
Your nervous system receives information about what is going on inside and outside of your body.
Then it processes the information and forms a response to it.
The basic unit of the nervous system is a type of cell called a neuron

23. The MASTER ORGAN

24. Brain Spinal Cord Peripheral Nerves1 2
Brain
Spinal Cord
Peripheral Nerves 3

25. Nervous System Includes Two Divisions Three Regions
Is Divided into
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Includes
Two Divisions
Brain
Spinal Cord
Sensory
Motor
Three Regions
Two Groups
Autonomic
Somatic
Cerebrum
Brain Stem
Regulates breathing
Cerebellum
Signals Skeletal muscles

26. Activities Muscle relay Mix messages (page 281) Find the letter
Read this paragraph
Ring a Bell (page 279 Teacher edition)
The Concussion Crisis article

27. Mixed Messages
Page 281

28. 1 - Find the C below. Please do not use any cursor help
1 - Find the C below.. Please do not use any cursor help. OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOCOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

29. 2- If you already found the C, now find the 6 below

30. 3 - Now find the N below. It's a little more difficult
3 - Now find the N below. It's a little more difficult. MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMMNMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM

31. I cdnuolt blveiee that I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd what I was rdanieg
I cdnuolt blveiee that I cluod aulaclty uesdnatnrd what I was rdanieg. The phaonmneal pweor of the hmuan mnid, aoccdrnig to a rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it dseno't mtaetr in what oerdr the ltteres in a word are, the olny iproamtnt tihng is that the frsit and last ltteer be in the rghit pclae. The rset can be a taotl mses and you can still raed it whotuit a pboerlm. This is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the word as a wlohe. Azanmig huh? Yaeh and I awlyas tghuhot slpeling was ipmorantt!

32. ILLUSIONS

33. Cardiovascular
System

34. Functions of the Cardiovascular System
Delivers materials
Your heart continually pups blood in your blood vessels throughout your body
Example – blood picks up glucose from your digestive system and brings it to cells that need energy
Removes wastes
It transports waste from your cells
Example - transports carbon dioxide to the lungs to be exhaled
Fights Disease
blood contains cells that fight disease and seal cuts

35. The 3 main parts of the Cardiovascular System
The Heart The Blood Vessels Blood

36. Blood Flow through the Heart
Lungs
The right side of the system deals with deoxygenated blood.
The left side of the system deals with oxygenated blood.
Body Cells

37. Right Atrium Left Atrium Right Ventricle Left Ventricle
Page 293
The aorta carries blood from the left ventricle to the body
Major vessels from upper body to the heart
Vessel form the lungs
Vessels from the lung to the heart
Vessels from lung to heart
Right Atrium
Left Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle

38. YOUR HEART BEAT Two main phases.
FIRST PHASE - the heart relaxes and the atria fill with blood.
SECOND PHASE - the heart contracts and pumps blood.
The rate at which your heart muscles contract is regulated by the pacemaker, a small group of cells in the wall of the right atrium.
Average heart rate depends on the person and situation.

39. TAKING YOUR PULSE

40. Complete page 11 using your book
BLOOD VESSELS
Your heart pumps blood through an extensive network of blood vessels.
The three main types of blood vessels in your body are
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins
Complete page 11 using your book

41. ARTERIES
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
Most arteries carry oxygen-rich blood
The largest artery in the body is the aorta
Arteries have thick walls that are both strong and flexible.

42. Layer of cells
Smooth muscle
Connective tissue

43. CAPILLARIES
Branching from the smallest arteries are capillaries, the smallest blood vessels in your body.
As blood flows through the capillaries, oxygen and dissolved nutrients diffuse through the capillary walls and into your body’s cells.

44. VEINS
From the capillaries, blood flows into small blood vessels that join together to form veins.
Veins are large, thin-walled blood vessels that carry blood to the heart.

45. Capillary Cross Section
BLOOD VESSELS
Capillary
Vein
Layer of cells
Capillary Cross Section
Smooth muscle
Connective tissue
Single Layer of cells

47. Blood is blue in color when is it NOT carrying oxygen.
MYTH
The fact is that blood is bright red when it is carrying oxygen and dark red when it is not.
Veins appear blue because of the way light reflects from skin.

48. Arteries
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart (oxygenated)
Capillaries
Smallest arteries in the body – transports oxygen and dissolves nutrients into your body cells
Veins
Blood vessels that carry blood to the heart (deoxygenated blood)
Plasma
Liquid portion of your blood – makes up 55% of blood volume
Red Blood Cells
Carries oxygen and contains hemoglobin to which oxygen binds
White Blood Cells
Fighter cells– protect us against disease
Platelets
Responsible for blood clotting

49. BLOOD
The average adult has about 4 to 6 quarts of blood circulating through his or her blood vessels.
The four components of blood are
Plasma
White Blood Cells
Red Blood Cells
Platelets

50. PLASMA The liquid component of the blood is called plasma
This straw-colored liquid makes up about 55 percent of the blood.
Plasma is mostly water, with substances such as nutrients, hormones, and salts dissolved in it.

51. RED BLOOD CELLS
The cells that carry oxygen from the lungs to all the parts of your body are red blood cells.
Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, which is an iron-containing substance to which oxygen binds

52. WHITE BLOOD CELLS
White blood cells help protect you against diseases and foreign substances
Some white blood cells make chemicals that help your body resist diseases such as cancer.
Others destroy invading microorganisms by surrounding and consuming them.

53. Platelets
are cell fragments that play an important role in the blood clotting process
When you get a cut, platelets stick to the edges of the cut and release proteins called clotting factors.

54. Respiratory System

55. THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
is responsible for bringing oxygen from the outside environment into the body
It also removes carbon dioxide from the body

56. Label the parts of the Respiratory System and7.
Label the parts of the Respiratory System and
its purpose
Page 307

57. Respiratory System Nose and Nasal Cavities – air comes into our body
Pharynx – (throat) it connects the mouth to the respiratory track
Epiglottis and Larynx – the larynx contains the vocal cords - when you swallow the epiglottis seals the larynx.
Trachea – windpipe connects larynx to lungs
Bronchus – divides the trachea into 2 pipes one going to each lung.
Lung – bronchi divide like branches of a tree to smaller tubes. At the end of the tubes is where gas is exchanged.
Cilia – capture mucus that contains dust and sweep it towards the throat to be swallowed.

58. Blood rich in carbon dioxide
What it looks like
Blood rich in carbon dioxide
Blood rich in oxygen
Capillary

59. HOW GAS IS EXCHANGED
At the end of the smallest tubes in the lungs are millions of tiny sacs that look like bunches of grapes
These sacs, called alveoli are where gases are exchanged between the air and the blood.

60. Nose
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
lungs

62. THE BREATHING PROCESS Lets see how it works
Inhalation
The volume in the lung increase and the air flows in
Function
Rib cage moves up and out
The Diaphragm contracts and flattens
Exhalation
The volume of the lungs decreases, and the air is pulled out
Functions
The rib cage returns to its original position
The Diaphragm relaxes and moves upward
Lets see how it works
-pop liter bottle
-balloons

63. Quiz Tomorrow Cardiovascular system and Respiratory system
Be able to label the respiratory system
Know information from your packet about the cardiovascular and respiratory system
NO NOTES