1. Architectural Drafting
ACD 521S
2017 Lecture 06

2. THE PLAN
Architectural floor plans are the starting point for all architectural drafting. The initial layout begins with developing preliminary sketches to display to the client for comment and/or approval.
These sketches form the basis of the floor plan. The floor plan is a detailed and dimensioned horizontal section through the building showing the arrangement of all physical objects within the building.

3. THE PLAN
The horizontal section is usually cut at around 1.2m above the floor level, and includes the following information:
All load bearing and non-load structural elements, columns, walls etc.
Doors and windows
Stairs and ramps
Built-in and loose furniture, fixtures and fittings
Floor plans are drawn to scale using different line-types and line-weights to deliver different levels of information clearly. E.g. dotted/hidden lines are used to indicate items that are located above the cutting line, such as high level cupboards, stairway openings, soffits, ceilings or beams.
Cross referencing symbols are used to relate the information on the floor plan to other drawings such as sections, elevations and details.

4. THE PLAN
Floor plans will contain notes and callouts explaining specific materials or construction concerns that need to be brought to the builder's attention.
Floor plans also act as an overall "key" to show the builder where to find specific information on various areas of the building. It is common practice to draft floor plans at a scale where the entire building can -hopefully- be displayed on a single page so that overall dimensions are easy to see, and then to create larger "blow-up" plans of areas that are information intensive, such as restrooms or stairwells. References to these blow-up plans are made with dashed boxes surrounding the area in question and are labeled with call-out bubbles referring the builder to the title/sheet number where the enlarged plan is located.

5. THE PLAN
Detail Symbols

6. THE PLAN
Floor plans will also make use of section and elevation bubbles that show not only the location of those details but also include arrow symbols that show the direction in which the detail is oriented.

7. THE PLAN

8. THE PLAN
Some elevation and section symbols include an additional number for cross- referencing.
Note that the two-sided section symbol in the image has two numbers on its bottom. The first, A-2, states what sheet the section symbol is on.
The second, A-3, states what sheet
the section drawing referenced by the cut is on.
The number 4 refers to which drawing on
sheet A-3 the section refers to.

9. THE PLAN

10. THE PLAN
Elevation marks are used to indicate which direction and from which point on the floor plan is drawn. Elevation marks can be placed at each spot for different elevation views, or multiple elevation symbols may be used for the elevation views that are drawn from one middle spot of the space.

11. THE PLAN
Elevation Datum marks are used to indicate levels
Door and Window Tags

12. THE PLAN

13. THE PLAN
Floor plans contain a large amount of information and can quickly become confusing. For that reason, drafters make use of various symbols, line weights, and hatch patterns to graphically differentiate what each line and/or area on the plan represents. For example, it is common practice to fill in the space between the two faces of a proposed wall with a hatch pattern so that it can be easily seen, whereas existing wall spaces are usually left empty so that the viewer can quickly differentiate between the two.

14. THE PLAN
Symbols on a floor plan vary greatly depending on what information is being displayed. An electrical floor plan will show symbols designating outlet, light, and switch locations whereas an HVAC plan will show duct drops, thermostats, and pipe risers.
Floor plans can be broken down to show only specific trade information on a single sheet or, if the project is small enough, they can be combined to show various trades on each sheet; for example, plumbing and HVAC are often combined.

15. THE PLAN
When possible, all plans should be drawn parallel to the edges of the paper, with north at the
top of the sheet. This is called plan north and enables the drafter to give simple names to interior
and exterior elevations.
If plan north isn’t compass (magnetic) north, an additional arrow
is added to the drawing that points that way

16. THE PLAN
Title block

17. THE PLAN
Title block

18. PLAN CHECKLIST –to be used as a guide line where applicable
Border and Title Block
Title, scale drawing number of drawing in the title block
North Arrow
All exterior and interior walls
Wall openings, arches and soffits and ceilings with hidden lines( annotate)
Outlines of Stoeps, verandahs, patios etc
Windows with window symbols
Doors with door symbols, also include swing directions
Room labels
Stairs with directional arrows
All joinery, fixtures fittings and equipment
All Dimensions
All Annotations and Symbols
Title and Scale of Plan under the plan view.