1. March to Berlin

2. After the Breakout After Normandy, Allies begin to move Supply issues
Cherbourg only usable port
Allies moving too fast
Train lines blown up
Red Ball Express

3. Liberation of Paris – Aug 24-26
Orders to evacuate
German commander ordered to destroy Paris bridges and the city
General von Choltitz could not
Some fighting, but the city is spared

4. Liberation of Paris – Aug 24-26

5. Liberation of Paris

6. Liberation of Paris

7. Market–Garden – Sept ‘44 Supplies were limited
Priority to Monty over Patton
Eliminate V-2 rockets
Strike a blow into Germany
Paratroopers secure highway into Holland & bridges
British 2nd armor
Around Siegfried Line into Germany
Cut off Ruhr

8. Market Garden British and American Airborne secure bridges road
British 2nd Army and Guards Armor could push through and into Germany
High risk, high reward mission
Needed precise execution, surprise, and tough fighting

9. Why it failed Bad intelligence – fighting good troops
Coordination between allies - shaky
Thin front of attack allowed for…
too much congestion
vulnerability to flank attacks

10. Aftermath of Market Garden
British 1st Airborne lost 8,000 of 10,000 men
Eisenhower believed M-G was a risk that had to be taken…press the enemy as they retreat

13. Russians on the Move After Stalingrad, no major offensives
July 43 – Battle of Kursk
Nov 43 – Russia is back to pre-war borders
Supply issues slow them
July 44 – Attempts assassination of Hitler
Col. Claus Von Stauffenberg

14. Reconquest – Foreshadowing the Cold War
August 44 – Warsaw Uprising
No Soviet help
Sept 44 – Russians invade Finland, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovakia, & Hungary – they fall
Fall 44 – No retreat
Feb 45 – 60 miles from Berlin

15. Battle of the Bulge – Dec ’44-Jan ‘45
Last German counterattack
Achieved surprise
Three armies into Belgium & Holland
Bastogne – Gen. McAuliffe
Patton’s 3rd Army

16. Deception 25 German divisions Achieved complete surprise
Allies thought the Germans had 4
Achieved complete surprise
Allied overconfidence
Offensive made no sense
Germans concealed their forces well

17. Biggest Battle in US Army History
Used American mobility
600,000 American soldiers involved
20,000 dead, 20,000 captured, 40,000 wounded
Two American divisions completely destroyed

20. Allies Enter Germany Feb 1945 - Americans enter Germany (cross Rhine)
March – All 7 western allied armies were in Germany
No point to continue the war at this point
April 1945 – Allies 50 miles from Berlin

21. Who would get to Berlin?
Feb 1945 – Yalta Conference – zones of occupation
Berlin was in Soviet zone
Ike’s forces were spread out and under supplied

22. The Big 3 at Yalta

23. Mussolini’s Death

24. VE Day April 16 – Russians attack Berlin Street fighting
Hitler in underground bunker
Suicide – April 30, 1945
Germans Instrument of Surrender – May 7, 1945 – Reims, France
V-E Day: May 8, 1945
Surrender to Russians – May 9

25. Alfred Jodl – Reims, France

26. Nuremburg Trials

27. A- Bomb Why? Costly invasion Japanese brutality
They ignored the Potsdam Declaration
Nuclear fission Bombs
Aug 6 – Hiroshima
Aug 8 – USSR declared war on Japan – invaded Manchuria
Aug 9 - Nagasaki

28. VJ Day August 14, 1945 – unconditional surrender
Sept 2, 1945 – Formal Surrender – USS Missouri, Tokyo Bay