1. Muscle Baseball Review
-TWO teams
-Goal: to get the most runs by answering more questions correctly
Rules/Regs:
** Baseball rules apply – you only score a run by making your way around the bases. You get on base by answering a question correctly.
Each question is designated a single, double, triple, or homerun and you move accordingly
If you are “up to bat” you are the ONLY person answering the question
If you think you know the answer, ring the bell!
You are not to get help unless you hear the code words “Consult with your team”
If your team is caught cheating, the other team “walks”

2. Provide TWO functions of the muscular system
Produces movement
Produces heat
Maintain posture
Stabilize joints
Double

3. What type of muscle is this?
Cardiac muscle
Single

4. Name ONE way the muscular system and skeletal system rely on each other
Skeletal stores calcium / Muscular uses that calcium
Muscles attach to skeleton
Triple

5. What is the name of the neurotransmitter that initiates an action potential?
Acetylcholine
Double

6. What type of muscle is this?
Skeletal muscle
Single

7. What is the name of the tissue that covers the entire muscle?
epimysium
Single

8. Name the TWO myofilaments that connect to contract the muscle?
Actin and Myosin
Single

9. Explain what happens, in detail and step by step, what happens once calcium is released in a muscle cell
It binds to troponin
Tropomyosin moves out of the way
Actin is exposed and binds with myosin, creating a cross-bridge
Muscle contracts
Home Run!

10. Name the TWO proteins attached to actin.
Troponin and Tropomyosin
Single

11. This is cardiac muscle. What feature does this muscle have that indicates so?
Intercalated
Disks / Branching
Double

12. What is the name of the tissue that covers a fascicle?
perimysium
Single

13. Which muscle type has more than one nucleus?
Cardiac
Skeletal
Smooth
Skeletal
Single

14. Name muscle “F”
Single
Orbicularis Oculi

15. Identify the area indicated by the bracket.
H-zone
Single

16. Name a body organ in which smooth muscle is found
Answers may vary….
Ex) intestines, stomach, esophagus, etc
Double

17. What structure is this whole picture representing?
sarcomere
Double

18. Name muscle “B”
Single
Buccinator

19. What are the arrows pointing to on this sarcomere?
Z - lines
Single

20. Myofilaments – actin and myosin
This is skeletal muscle. What are the names of the proteins that make the “striped” appearance?
Myofilaments – actin and myosin
Triple

21. Point to your sternocleidomastoid!
(you pointed!) 
Double

22. Name two muscles that aid in flexing your elbow?
Biceps brachii
and
brachioradialis
Triple

23. Explain what causes calcium to be released from the SR?
The action potential travels by the SR, which causes the calcium to be released
Double

24. Which muscle is just superior to your latissimus dorsi?
trapezius
Double

25. Which muscle type is “fusiform” in shape?
Smooth
Double

26. What area is this bracket showing?
A-band
Single

27. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
What organelle of a muscle cell contains the calcium when a muscle is relaxed?
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
(terminal cisternae)
Double

28. What is the name of the tissue that covers each single muscle fiber?
endomysium
Single

29. Where does the action potential travel once it leaves the sarcolemma?
T-tubules
Single

30. Name muscle “D”
Single
Zygomaticus

31. List the structural makeup of a muscle from smallest to largest.
Myofilaments, Myofibrils, Fiber, Fascicle, Muscle
Double

32. If you were a ballerina, which muscle would use to point your toes?
Gastrocnemius / soleus
double

33. List 3 “quadricep” muscles
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
(Vastus intermedius)
Double

34. What area of the sarcomere is this representing?
I-band
Single

35. What muscle helps you bend sideways and rotate the trunk of your body?
External Obliques
Double

36. Name the gap that forms between the neuron and the muscle cell
Synaptic Cleft
Single

37. Tell the class TWO things they need to know about acetylcholine
May vary…
it’s a neurotransmitter
It causes the action potential to begin on the muscle cell
It is released from the synapse
It travels across the synaptic cleft
Home Run!

38. What muscle allows you to wrinkle your forehead?
Frontalis
Double

39. What is the name of the connection between actin and myosin?
Cross-bridge
Single

40. Scenario: Your friend hits you in the back of the head with a baseball and you bruise your muscle. What muscle would this be?
occipitalis
Double

41. What is the name of the “area” where the neuron meets the muscle?
Neuromuscular Junction
Single

42. Name TWO muscles that aid in movement of the humerus
Deltoid
Trapezius
Latissimus Dorsi
Pectoralis Major
Triple

43. Which hamstring runs along the femur and causes knee flexion?
Biceps femoris
Or semimembranosus / semitendinosus
Single

44. Scenario: A woman is screaming in pain as she pushes to give birth to her baby. What major skeletal muscle is she using?
Rectus Abdominus
Double

45. Why triggers an action potential start on a muscle cell?
Due to the acetylcholine build up on the sarcolemma
Double

46. Which band, A or I, shortens in a muscle contraction?
I – band
The A-band is made of myosin (thick) and pulls the actin (thin) in , causing the I –band to shorten, not the A-band.
Single

47. Which major back muscle would you be using to try to clap your hands behind your back?
Latissimus dorsi
Single

48. Show the class how each of the following look:
Adduction and Supination
Yay! You did it!
Double

49. Which muscle allows you to lift your lip?
Levator labii
single

50. Explain rigor mortis and why it occurs at a cellular level.
It is when the muscles lock up after death; It occurs when the body runs out of ATP and the calcium can no longer be contained, therefore initiating constant crossh bridge, and there is no ATP to reset the myosin heads.
Home Run