1. Electricity & Magnetism
Static, Currents, Circuits
Magnetic Fields & Electro Magnets
Motors & Generators

2. Atoms… Have neutrons, protons, and electrons.
Protons are positively charged
Electrons are negatively charged

3. Electrons… Are located on the outer edges of atoms…they can be moved.
A concentration of electrons in an atom creates a net negative charge.
If electrons are stripped away, the atom becomes positively charged.

4. The world is filled with electrical charges:+ - + + + - - + - + + + - - - + + - - -

5. What is this electrical potential called?
Static Electricity - - - - - + + + - - + +

6. Static Electricity
The build up of an electric charge on the surface of an object.
The charge builds up but does not flow.
Static electricity is potential energy. It does not move. It is stored.

7. Static Discharge…
Occurs when there is a loss of static electricity due to three possible things:
Friction - rubbing
Conduction – direct contact
Induction – through an electrical field (not direct contact)

8. Electricity that moves…
Current: The flow of electrons from one place to another.
Measured in amperes (amps)
Kinetic energy

9. Static Electricity Balloons Rub balloon against your hair.
Record one observation when you hold your balloon near your head
Now use another group’s balloon and see how the two balloons react to each other
Record your observations using the terms you learned today

10. Static Electricity Tape
Take a 5-6 inch piece of clear tape and fold over the last ½ inch .
Press the tape to the table and rub to secure the tape
Remove the tape from the table.
Bring your tape close to the balloon
Record your observations

11. Static Electricity Tape
Take another 5-6 inch piece of clear tape and fold the last ½ inch over just like the first tape
Press both pieces of tape against your desk and rub to secure them
Remove the tape from the table
Move the tape close to each other
Record your observations (does the side of the tape matter)

12. Static Electricity
Lightning

13. Static Electircity
Van de Graaf Generator

14. Static Electricity
Van de Graaf Generator

15. How can we control currents?
With circuits.
Circuit: is a path for the flow of electrons. We use wires.

16. There are 2 types of currents:
Direct Current (DC) – Where electrons flow in the same direction in a wire.

17. There are 2 types of currents:
Alternating Current (AC) – electrons flow in different directions in a wire

18. There are 2 types of circuits:
Series Circuit: the components are lined up along one path. If the circuit is broken, all components turn off.

19. Series Circuit

20. There are 2 types of circuits:
Parallel Circuit – there are several branching paths to the components. If the circuit is broken at any one branch, only the components on that branch will turn off.

21. Parallel Circuit

22. Conductors vs. Insulators
Conductors – material through which electric current flows easily.
Insulators – materials through which electric current cannot move.

23. Examples Conductors: Insulators: Metal Water Styrofoam Rubber Plastic
Paper

24. What is Resistance?
The opposition to the flow of an electric current, producing heat.
The greater the resistance, the less current gets through.
Good conductors have low resistance.
Measured in ohms.

25. What Influences Resistance?
Material of wire – aluminum and copper have low resistance
Thickness – the thicker the wire the lower the resistance
Length – shorter wire has lower resistance
Temperature – lower temperature has lower resistance

26. What is Voltage?
The measure of energy given to the charge flowing in a circuit.
The greater the voltage, the greater the force or “pressure” that drives the charge through the circuit.

27. Difference b/t Volts and Amps
Example – you could say that…
Amps measure how much water comes out of a hose.
Volts measure how hard the water comes out of a hose.

28. Resistance = Voltage / Current
Ohm’s Law
Resistance = Voltage / Current
Ohms = Volts / Amps

29. Practice with Ohm’s Law
Volts
Amps 4
100 25 15
150 10 2 30 9 45 5 6 48 8

30. What is an electromagnet?
Electromagnet – a magnet made from a current bearing coil of wire wrapped around an iron or steel core.

31. What is a generator?
Generator – a machine that changes mechanical energy to electrical energy
Usually use moving magnets to create currents in coils of wire.

32. What is a motor?
Motor – a device that changes electrical energy to mechanical energy that can do work.

33. That’s It !!!!