1. ELECTRICITY

2. Question Time
Have you ever walked across a rug, reached a doorknob and…ZAP!!!! You get a static shock.
What about coming inside from the cold and taking off your winter hat and all of a sudden your hair is sticking straight up?
What is happening?

3. Let’s Start from the Beginning
Atoms- smallest particle that makes up all matter.
Electrons-Negative charged particles that make up an atom. Orbit around the nucleus
Protons: Positively charged particles that make up an atom. Found in the nucleus
Neutrons: particles found
in the nucleus that
do not have a charge

4. Let’s Start from the Beginning
All Matter is entirely made of “electricity” yet because the protons and electrons cancel each other out, we rarely encounter electrical effects in everyday life.

5. But……Which part of the atom can be removed?
The electron

6. Where do charges come from?
If Electrons are = to Protons then the Atom is Neutral
If Electrons are > Protons then the Atom is Negatively Charged
If Electrons are < Protons then the Atom is Positively Charged

7. What causes

8. What happens?
Electrons move from atom to atom

9. Electric Charge
Law of electric charges: This law states that like charges repel, or push away, and opposite charges attract.

10. Electric Field
The region around a charged object in which an electric force is exerted on another charged object.

11. What is Static Electricity?
The Electric charge at rest on an object.
When something is “static” it is not moving.
An object that is statically charged keeps its charge since it is not moving.

12. 3 ways to charge an object
Conduction
Induction
Friction
*Remember it’s all about the movement of electrons

13. Conduction Electrons move from one object to another by DIRECT contact
Example: Touching a doorknob
while you are negatively charged.
Object is charged from being CONnected to the electric field

14. Induction
Electrons are transferred when a neutral object is near a charged object (in the electrical field)
Example: Sitting in class on a
chair with a metal base and
the electrons are transferring
on you by making your hair
statically charged
Object is charged from being IN the electric field

15. Friction Electrons are moved by force – “wiped” onto another object
Example: Rubbing a balloon on wool

16. Electric Discharge
The loss of static electricity as charges move off an object.
Example: Lightning touching down on the tallest object in a field.

17. Electric Force The force between two charged objects.
ELECTRON FORCE DEPENDS ON TWO THINGS:
1. Amount of charge on an object
2. The distance between the 2 objects; the closer the stronger.

18. Moving Charges
Conductors: an electrical conductor is a material in which electrons can move easily through.
Copper, Aluminum, and Mercury

19. Moving Charges
Insulators: an electrical insulator is a material in which electrons cannot move easily through.
Plastic, rubber, glass, wood, and air.
An insulator can build up a static charge – it will hold the charge until the energy is released by a conductor

20. You are responsible for the following terms:
Law of electric charges, Electric Force, Electric Field
Friction, Conduction, and Induction
Electrical Conductor, Electrical Insulator
Static Electricity, Electric Discharge

21. Notebook Notes Cut the cards and make flash cards for your notebook
The vocabulary words start in Chapter 1. Pages 4-11
You are responsible for the following terms:
Law of electric charges, Electric Force, Electric Field
Friction, Conduction, and Induction
Electrical Conductor, Electrical Insulator
Static Electricity, Electric Discharge
Tape in the “holder” and place all your cards inside.

22. Rotation Lab Tomorrow