1. Structures and Weights 1 QDR
AAE 451: Team 2
Michael Caldwell
Jeff Haddin
Asif Hossain
James Kobyra
John McKinnis
Kathleen Mondino
Andrew Rodenbeck
Jason Tang
Joe Taylor
Tyler Wilhelm
February 15, 2005

2. Overview Wing Structure Wing Loading Analysis Landing Techniques
Geometric Layout
Properties of Wing Box
Material Properties
Structural Geometry
Wing Loading Analysis
Landing Techniques
Weight Estimate
February 15, 2005

3. Aircraft 3-View Mission Requirements 15 min. endurance
Take-off distance ≤ 60 ft.
Vstall ≤ 15 ft./s
Vloiter ≤ 25 ft./s
35 ft. turn radius
February 15, 2005

4. Geometric Layout
February 15, 2005

5. Properties of Wing Box Shear Web Wing Spar Ribs Stringers
1.6 in. x in. ( ft. x ft.)
Wing Spar
Central I beam located at maximum wing thickness
With shear web and two stringers
Ribs
Balsa
20 ribs spaced approximately every 3 inches
Stringers
0.375 in. x in. ( ft. x ft.) leading edge stringer
0.375 in. x 0.75 in. ( ft. x ft.) trailing edge stringer for mounting aileron
Monokote wing covering
All parts: 11 lbf/ft3 balsa
High safety factor (oversized web/stringers)
February 15, 2005

6. Material Properties Density (lbf/ft3) Young’s Modulus (ksi)
Yield Stress (psi)
Balsa 11
625
1725
Spruce 34
1500
8600
EPS Foam
1.5
Epoxy
0.007 oz/in2
Monokote
oz/in2
February 15, 2005

7. Structural Geometry Balsa construction Monokote covering Lightweight
Simple, quick construction
Monokote covering
February 15, 2005

8. Wing Loading Analysis Constraints Analysis
Load Distribution at Maximum Wing Loading
Maximum Wing Root Bending Moment
Maximum Torsional Moment
February 15, 2005

9. Bending Worst case simplification cantilevered beam
uniform load distribution
negligible outer fuselage mass/support
February 15, 2005

10. Twisting Moment due to lift found from moment coefficient
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11. Constraints Twisting: less than one degree of twist
Bending: bending stress less than balsa yield stress (w/ safety factor of 2)
February 15, 2005

12. Analysis Maximum wing load: Maximum bending moment (at root):
1.97 lbs of lift, assuming uniform distribution and span
Maximum bending moment (at root):
1.308 ft-lbs
Maximum torsional moment (from Cm):
0.194 ft-lbs
February 15, 2005

13. Landing Techniques Belly Landing Conventional Landing Gear
Landing Skis
Parachute
Catching Net
February 15, 2005

14. Weight Estimate Weights of parts:
Fuselages: lbf
Wing: lbf
Canard: lbf
Tails: lbf
Motor: lbf
Batteries: lbf
Distance measured from front of aircraft
CG = ft
AC = ft
Static margin = 10.7%
February 15, 2005

15. Summary Questions? Wing Structure Wing Loading Analysis
Geometric Layout
Properties of Wing Box
Material Properties
Structural Geometry
Wing Loading Analysis
Landing Techniques
Weight Estimate
Questions?
February 15, 2005

16. Appendix
February 15, 2005

17. Airfoil Selection: Wing
Wortmann FX
Wortmann FX : M.S.Selig,J.F.Donovan and D.B.Fraser,"AIRFOIL AT LOW SPEEDS” – Wind Tunnel
February 15, 2005

18. Airfoil Selection: Canard
NACA 0012
February 15, 2005