1. Southeast Asia Geography Part II: Resources and Economy
What is one of the most important factors in a successful society/clan/nation?

2. Agriculture Main source of livelihood in SE Asia
Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos, and Vietnam depend on agriculture
Rice is the chief crop in these places, like almost every SE Asian nation

3. Mountain

4. Terraced Farming
Terrace: a piece of sloped plan that has been cut into a series of successively receding flat surfaces or platforms
Farming: The activity or business of growing crops
Terrace Farming: Used to grow crops in hilly or mountainous area. Decreases erosion and surface runoff, helps with irrigation.

5. Rice Feed the people and is exported.
1/3 of world’s rice is grown in the river deltas of the mainland
Proverbs “Don’t let the rice fields lay fallow” and “An inch of soil is an inch of gold”

6. Rice
American Proverbs (in comparison): “If you give someone an inch, they will take a mile” and “All’s fair in love and war”
Two kinds of rice: Wet Rice and Dry Rice

7. Rice Wet Rice Requires flat land and large amounts of water
Farmers soak the rice fields with water before planning the seedlings
Rice remains underwater until almost harvest time

8. Rice
Dry Rice
Farmers burn brush and small trees on a few acres of land
They plant the rice in the ash covered soil
The first year crop is very good
Wears out the soil quickly, farms move to new areas as land renews
Considered wasteful and “slash and burn”

9. Lumber
Myanmar is heavily forested and produces much of the worlds teak
Yellowish-brown wood valued for its durability
Causing rapid deforestation
DEBATE!!!!!!

10. What Are We Arguing Here?
The income is needed from exporting lumber
Vs.
The destruction of the rain forests is taking a huge toll
Logging threatens the environment and destroys the cultures of people who have lived in the forests for centuries

11. Other Cash Crops Coffee, tea, coconuts, spices, and rubber
Corn, peanuts, and sweet potatoes
Copra (dried coconut meat): Important source of oil, soap, and margarine

12. Industry Industry lacks in part due to the Vietnam War
Roads and factories destroyed, refugees fled war-torn nations, political turmoil blocked growth
Vietnam itself, however, has recovered from the war, built industry, and sought foreign investment and trade

13. Industry Industrialization started in the 1960s
How does Industrialization affect cities?

14. Jakarta Slum
Difficult to provide adequate housing for thousands who move to the city to seek factory jobs

15. Developed Economies
Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand
Members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN): Economic alliance that promotes economic growth and peace in the region

16. Industry Revolves around processing food that is grown in the area
Textiles
Electronic Products
Service Industry (Singapore is third highest rated global financial center, under New York and London)

17. Natural Resources Rich in natural resources
Energy and mining are significant
Brunei= petroleum and natural gas reserves
Indonesia= oil and natural gas

18. Natural Resources ½ of world’s tin (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand)
Aluminum and Nickel
Fishing (protein)

19. Trade
Growth Triangle: Linking of production in growth centers of three countries to achieve benefits for all (Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia)
Small islands specialize, encourages trade and alliances
Forced to develop transportation systems overseas

21. Review Questions What is a Growth Triangle and how is it beneficial?
What is ASEAN?
How does industrialization affect cities?
Why has industrialization been slow to begin in some SE Asian nations?
How does deforestation affect SE Asian nations like Myanmar?
What is Copra?

22. Review Questions What is the difference between wet rice and dry rice?
What is terraced farming?
Identify Mainland Southeast Asia
Identify Island/Maritime Southeast Asia
Identify the Ring of Fire
Define Archipelago
What are the two dominant Tropical Climates of SE Asia?

23. Answers
An increasingly popular economic development concept along the western Pacific Rim, especially in Southeast Asia. It involves the linking of production in growth centers of three countries to achieve benefits for all
Association of Southeast Asian Nations – Economic and military alliance that promotes economic growth and peace in the region
Populations in cities boom, without adequate city planning, infrastructure (plumbing, paved roads, electricity, housing, etc), or available jobs, industrialization can lead to homelessness, disease (from too many people not receiving adequate health care), but also helps update cities and brings in money

24. Answers
Vietnam War destroyed roads and factories, thousands of refugees fled from the war-torn nations, which reduced the work force, political turmoil has blocked growth
Supports economy, but destroys rain forest, threatens environment, and displaces people and cultures that have lived in heavily forested areas
Dried coconut meat used for oil, soap, and margarine

25. Answers
Wet rice is a method of growing rice that has the farmers soaking the rice paddies (fields) and then planting the seedlings, allowing the rice paddies to grow underwater until almost harvest. Dry rice is a method of growing that involves burning the vegetation in a field in order to produce ash that will nourish the soil. Then the farmers plant in the soil.
Altering mountains or hills to be a series of flat steps, similar to a staircase, in which farmers are able to grow on each step

26. Answers
Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam

27. Answers
Malaysia Brunei Singapore Indonesia and the Philippines

28. Answers Line of volcanoes around the pacific ocean Chain of islands
Tropical Wet (Year- Round Rain) and Tropical Wet and Dry (Monsoon season)