1. Altmetric Indicators vs. Bibliometric Indicators
Fereshteh Didegah, Kim Holmberg, and Timothy D. Bowman
Research Unit for the Sociology of Education, University of Turku

2. Bibliometric indicators
Number of publications
Number of citations
Publication venues: Journal Impact Factor
Author reputation: H-index

3. Number of publications
Problem: No indication of the influence of the work

4. Citations ≠ Quality

5. Journal Impact Factor Problems:
Limited to the citable documents (i.e. articles, notes and reviews)
Not considering different citation behaviours across subject domains (Moed & Van Leeuwen, 1995)

6. H-index
Problems:
Very strong correlation with the number of publications
Its dependency on the scholar’s research age

7. Normalized indicators
Number of citations / Number of expected citations
Crown indicator: Normalized indicator by subject field and year of publication

8. Alternative Metrics or Altmetrics

9. Publishers and funders use Altmetrics

10. Altmetrics vs. Citations

11. The need for more sophisticated altmetric indicators
Can a single altmetric indicator represent many types of impact?

12. Constructing a Composite Altmetric Indicator
2.Selecting indicators
3.Grouping sub-indicators
4.Normalization
5.Weighting and aggregation
1.Theoretical framework

13. Categorizing altmetric indicators
Snowball metrics (Colledge, 2014):
Scholarly activities (Mendeley, CiteULike, …)
Scholarly commentaries (F1000, YouTube, …)
Social media tools (Twitter, Facebook, ..)
Mass media groups (News posts, …)

14. Categorizing altmetric indicators
PLOS
Usage: Pdf downloads, PLOS views, …
Citations: Scopus, WoS, …
Social bookmarking and dissemination activity: Mendeley, …
Media and blog coverage: Twitter, blogs, …
Discussion activity and ratings: PLOS ratings, comments, …

15. Categorizing altmetric indicators
ImpactStory
Recommended: F-1000
Cited: WoS, pubmed
Saved: Mendeley, CiteULike
Discussed: Blogs, comments
Viewed: Pdf downloads

16. Categorizing altmetric indicators
Altmetric.com:
Mentioned by: blogs, twitter, Facebook and Wikepedia
Read on: Mendeley, Citeulike, and Connotea

17. Categorizing altmetric indicators
Plum Analytics
Usage: clicks, downloads, views, library holdings, video plays
Captures: bookmarks, code forks, favorites, readers, watchers
Mentions: blog posts, comments, reviews, Wikipedia links
Social media: likes, shares, tweets
Citations: PubMed Central, Scopus, patents

18. Thanks for your attention!
Fereshteh Didegah, Kim Holmberg, and Timothy D. Bowman
Research Unit for the Sociology of Education, University of Turku