1. Today’s Agenda Unit 9 Synonyms and Antonyms EOCT Practice
Shakespearean Verse and Prose
Ordering Shakespeare around worksheets

2. Shakespearean Verse and Prose
The language used by Shakespeare in his plays is in one of three forms: prose, rhymed verse or blank verse

3. Prose
refers to ordinary speech with no regular pattern of accentual rhythm
Lines of text do not all have the same number of syllables nor is there any discernible pattern of stresses

4. If you are unsure if a passage is in prose or in blank verse, look for the following visual clue:
a long passage in prose is typically printed in your text like an ordinary paragraph
Standard rules of capitalization are followed: only proper nouns (names and place names), the pronoun "I" and the first letter of a new sentence are capitalized.

5. Shakespeare’s use PROSE is used whenever verse would seem bizarre
Examples: in serious letters (Macbeth to Lady Macbeth; Hamlet to Horatio), in proclamations, and in the speeches of characters actually or pretending to be mad
Prose is used for cynical commentary

6. Rhymed verse
Shakespeare's plays is usually in rhymed couplets, i.e. two successive lines of verse of which the final words rhyme with another.
The rhyme pattern of verse in rhyming couplets is conventionally represented: aa bb cc

7. Example: Helena's lament in A Midsummer Night's Dream (I.i.234-9):
Love looks not with the eyes, but with the mind; ("a" rhyme)
And therefore is winged Cupid painted blind. ("a" rhyme)
Nor hath Love's mind of any judgment taste; ("b" rhyme)
Wings, and no eyes, figure unheedy haste: ("b" rhyme)
And therefore is Love said to be a child, ("c" rhyme)
Because in choice he is so oft beguiled ("c" rhyme)
When two lines of rhyming couplets are in iambic pentameter (like the above passage), they are called heroic couplets

8. Shakespeare’s use
often used for ritualistic or choral effects and for highly lyrical or sententious passages that give advice or point to a moral
It is also used for many manifestations of the supernatural (e.g. the witches in Macbeth; the fairies in A Midsummer Night's Dream

9. Blank Verse refers to unrhymed iambic pentameter
Blank verse resembles prose in that the final words of the lines do not rhyme in any regular pattern, but there is a recognizable meter

10. Shakespeare’s Use
employed in a wide range of situations because it comes close to the natural speaking rhythms of English but raises it above the ordinary without sounding artificial
used mainly for passionate, lofty or momentous occasions and for introspection; it may suggest a refinement of character
Many of Shakespeare's most famous speeches are written in blank verse

11. Iambs
A particular type of meter consisting of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable (da DUM)
an iamb is conventionally represented U / .

12. Iambic Pentameter A ten-syllable line consisting of five iambs
Its stress pattern (five pairs of unstressed/stressed syllables)

13. Example The course of true love never did run true
As you read this line aloud, listen for the stress pattern: da DUM da DUM da DUM da DUM da DUM
the COURSE of TRUE love NEver DID run TRUE

14. Shakespearean Vocabulary

15. wherefore
for what reason: for what reason or purpose

16. Exeunt
exit from stage: used as a stage direction in a text in place of "exit" when more than one actor is to leave the stage

17. Vulgar
characterized by ignorance of or lack of good breeding or taste

18. Construe
interpret something in particular way: to interpret or understand the meaning of a word, gesture, or action in a particular way

19. Tragedy
a form of drama based on human suffering that invokes in its audience an accompanying catharsis or pleasure in the viewing

20. Pun
a form of word play which suggests two or more meanings

21. Conflict
difference: a disagreement or clash between ideas, principles, or people
Internal Conflict:
Man vs. Self
External Conflict:
Man vs. Man
Man vs. Nature
Man vs. Society

22. Soliloquy
a device often used in drama when a character speaks to oneself, relating thoughts and feelings
the act of speaking while alone

23. Shakespearean Syntax (Word Order):
Four words can create six unique sentences which carry the same meaning. When you are reading Shakespeare, look for his unusual word arrangement. Locate the subject verb, and object of the sentence. Notice that the object of the sentence is often placed at the beginning in front of the verb and the subject. This should help with making sense of Shakespeare.
Example :
Benvolio:
So early walking did I see your son.
Becomes
[did] I [saw ] your son walking [so] early.

24. I ate the sandwich. I the sandwich ate. Ate the sandwich I.
Ate I the sandwich.
The sandwich I ate.
The sandwich ate I.