1. Every living thing is made of
CELLS

2. When an organism grows do the cells get BIGGER or MULTIPLY?

3. MITOSIS is for growth and . . .
Seed to Plant
Sapling to Tree
Lamb to Ewe
Calf to Cow

4. Skinned knees
repair
 broken leg
Curling iron burn

5. Cells that make up our body tissues and organs are called
SOMATIC

6. Mitosis is the division of
somatic cells

7. Mitosis makes new
IDENTICAL cells

8. The part of a cell controls the function of that particular cell
nucleus

9. perform specialized tasks in the cell, but are located outside of the nucleus – things like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus
organelles

10. What is the thick liquid that holds the specialized parts of the cell in place
cytoplasm

11. What is the outer layer of the cell called that separates the cell from other cells and lets nutrients in and waste out?
CELL MEMBRANE

12. What is an example of a cell that does NOT undergo mitosis once it is mature?
nerve cell

13. Why do some people’s hair and fingernails grow faster than others?
MITOTIC RATES VARY FROM PERSON TO PERSON

14. an example of a cell that reproduces every 30 minutes
BACTERIA E. coli

15. Adult skin cells divide about every
24 hours

16. A cell CYCLE begins with a stage called
INTERPHASE

17. During interphase stage the organelles produce energy and
protein

18. The organelles
Duplicate themselves

19. Also ________________is duplicated
DNA

20. Eukaryotic cells have a distinct _____________________, unlike the ____________________ cell that has no membrane around its nucleus.
NUCLEUS
PROKARYOTIC

21. What do the letters DNA stand for
DEOXIROBONUCLEIC
ACID

22. molecules join together to make up a complex strand called a
chromosome

23. The number of chromosomes in each nucleus of each cell are even because chromosomes exist in
PAIRS

24. Cells that have the FULL number of chromosomes are called _________________ cells
diploid

25. If a cell has only HALF the number of chromosomes (not pairs, but individual), the cell is called a ________________ cell
HAPLOID

26. Cells containing only HALF the number of chromosomes for an organism are produced for organism ________________________ which is NOT mitosis, but ______________________
reproduction
MEIOSIS

27. The shape of chromosomes in the beginning of mitosis is
LONG
THIN
STRANDS called
CHROMATIN

28. The duplicated chromosomes join together at a CENTRAL point called a
centromere

29. The name of the chromosome is then changed to the term
chromatid

30. Original cell is referred to as the PARENT CELL
Mitosis terms to know
Original cell is referred to as the
PARENT CELL

31. The new cells are DAUGHTER CELLS
Mitosis terms to know
The new cells are
DAUGHTER CELLS

32. Pairs of chromosomes from the original cells are SISTER CHROMATIDS
Mitosis terms to know
Pairs of chromosomes from the original cells are
SISTER CHROMATIDS

33. Recall from the CELL CYCLE that the Interphase is the longest phase in the cell

34. The four phases to mitosis are
PROPHASE
METAPHASE
ANAPHASE
TELOPHASE

35. In the PROPHASE chromatin goes FROM
a tangled ball of strands to
INDIVIDUAL
condensed chromosomes.

36. Animal cells have ________________ that move to opposite ends of the cell and form distinct poles.
CENTRIOLES

37. Plant cells do ________have centrioles.
NOT

38. The centrioles produce tiny fibers that span across the cell between the two poles – this forms a ___________________. And the nuclear membrane begins to
SPINDLE
BREAKDOWN

39. DISOLVING CENTER CENTROMERE
METAPHASE
During METAPHASE the nuclear membrane finishes
__________________________ and the chromatids align at the
____________________________
of the spindle. The spindle fibers attach to each
___________________________
DISOLVING
CENTER
CENTROMERE

40. ANAPHASE CHROMOSOMES CENTROMERE
The chromatids separate into _________________ when the spindle fibers pull them apart at the
CHROMOSOMES
CENTROMERE

41. OPPOSITE sides of the cell called POLES.
ANAPHASE
Each identical set of new chromosomes move to
OPPOSITE sides of the cell called POLES.

42. The spindle fibers __________________ during
TELOPHASE
The spindle fibers
__________________ during
BREAKDOWN
TELOPHASE

43. The chromosomes elongate and become tangled in a ball of
CHROMATIN

44. A nuclear envelope forms around the separate sets of
CHROMOSOMES

45. This is called CYTOKINESIS And the cell cycle begins again
The rest of the cell now divides. The cytoplasm divides as the cell membrane pinches inward cutting the cell in half.
This is called CYTOKINESIS
And the cell cycle begins again