1. Volumetric reconstruction of axial magnetic resonance (MR) images in a normal subject (top panel) and a patient with sleep apnea (bottom panel). The mandible is depicted in gray, the tongue in orange/rust, the soft palate in purple, the lateral parapharyngeal fat pads in yellow, and the lateral/posterior pharyngeal walls in green. Both subjects had an equivalent body mass index (32.5 kg/m2). Upper airway caliber is greater in the normal subject than in the patient with sleep apnea. The tongue, soft palate, and lateral pharyngeal walls are all larger in the patient with sleep apnea than in the normal subject. (Reproduced with permission from Schwab RJ, Pasirstein M, Pierson R, et al. Identification of upper airway anatomic risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea with volumetric magnetic resonance imaging. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;168(5):522–530.)
Source: Sleep Apnea Syndromes: Central and Obstructive, Fishman's Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders, 5e
Citation: Grippi MA, Elias JA, Fishman JA, Kotloff RM, Pack AI, Senior RM, Siegel MD. Fishman's Pulmonary Diseases and Disorders, 5e; 2015 Available at: Accessed: December 25, 2017
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