1. Botanicals Inhibited Fusarium Pathogens of Millet Seedlings
AKANMU, A. O1, ABIALA, M. A*1 AIYELAAGBE, O. O2, POPOOLA, A. R3 AND ODEBODE, A. C. 1
1 Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, P, M. B. 128 U.I. P. O. Ibadan, Nigeria
2Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
3Department of Crop protection, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta. Nigeria
ABIALA MOSES
University of Ibadan, Nigeria

2. Nysc Maize Farm in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.

3. Introduction
Millet
For agricultural systems and food security (Josep, 2001)
Threat of Fusarium Pathogens to;
Cereals and other food crops (Leslie and Summerrell, 2006)
Millet seedlings in South-western Nigeria (Int. Journal of Plant Pathology- Accepted )
Control of Fusarium pathogens
Physical, chemical and cultural methods
The use of botanicals (Lakshman and Dilip, 2006)
Human and Environmentally Friendly
Readily Available
Affordable
Objective of the study
Phytofungicidal effects of botanical extracts on Fusarium pathogens of millet seedlings

4. Figure1: Map of Southwestern Nigeria for collection of soil samples
Materials and Methods
Millet Seed -
Botanical Extracts (Mangifera indica and Jatropha curcas were used at 15%, 30% and 45% (mg/ml)
In-vitro antagonistic effect (Odebode, 2006)
In-vivo antagonistic effect (Ros et al., 2005)
Design: CRD with three replications
Data Collection and Analysis
Using appropriate tools and equipment
ANOVA with Minitab version15 (2011)
Percentage mycelial growth inhibition
Disease incidence (Michel et al.,1997)
Disease severity (Gwary et al., 2006)
Growth parameters
Plant height,
Stem girth,
Number of leaves
and Leaf area
Figure1: Map of Southwestern Nigeria for collection of soil samples

5. SUMMARY OF OUR Results BOTANICALS Enhances Plant Growth Parameters
BOTANICALS INHIBITED FUSARIUM PATHOGENS
BOTANICALS INHIBITED FUSARIUM PATHOGENS
In-Vitro
In-Vivo

6. Table 1: Percentage mycelial growth inhibition by botanical extracts
Pathogen
Day 2
Day 4
Day 6
15%
30%
45%
M. indica
F. anthophilum
3.00cd
2.88abc*
2.88bc*
5.15cde
4.48a**
4.98cde
6.73bc
7.18c
6.30cd
F. verticilloides
2.55**
2.60a**
2.08**
4.50a***
4.45bcd*
6.30ab
6.30a**
6.10bcd
F. oxysporum
2.95bcd
2.90abc*
2.85bc*
5.25def
5.20bc
4.98cde*
6.70bc**
7.38bc
7.28de
F. scirpi
2.83bc*
4.88bcd**
5.38bc
5.18e*
6.50abc***
7.10bc
7.45de
J. curcas
2.90bc*
2.93bc
1.88a**
4.95bcd
5.00ab
3.53a***
6.80bc
6.70abc
5.40b**
2.73b
2.73a**
4.68b
4.75ab
3.10a***
6.65bc
6.75abc
4.30a***
2.83abc*
2.08a**
5.08cde
4.68ab*
4.00abc**
6.98bcd*
6.93bc
6.00bcd*
2.98bcd
2.28a**
5.10cde*
4.58a**
4.18bcd*
6.33ab*
Control
2.95bc
4.85b
4.85ab
4.85cde
6.05a
6.05ab
6.05bcd
2.62a
2.62abc
5.90a
5.90bc
5.15abc
5.15de
7.33cd
7.33bc
7.33de
5.28def
5.28bc
7.55de
7.55bc
Means by the same letter across the column do not differ significantly ( p< 0.05)
Values represented by ( * ) shows significant ( p< 0.05) differences.

7. Plate 1: In-vitro effect of J. curcas on F. verticillioides
Control
30%
45%
Plate 1: In-vitro effect of J. curcas on F. verticillioides

8. Controls
Figure 2: Disease incidence after treatment with plant extracts (M. oleifera, M. esculenta & S. alata)

9. Controls
Figure 3: Disease severity after treatment with botanical extracts (M. oleifera, M. esculenta & S. alata)

10. Comparative effect
Fig 8: Effect of botanical extracts on percentage growth of millet seedlings

11. Figure 4: Botanical extracts as growth promoter to millet seedlings
Plant height
Stem girth
BOTANICALS
Leaf area
30%
45%
Number of leaves
Figure 4: Botanical extracts as growth promoter to millet seedlings

12. Conclusion and Recommendations
Jatropha curcas and Mangifera indica significantly (p<0.05) inhibited F. anthophilum, F. verticilloides, F. scirpi and F. oxysporum .
Generally, it is presumed qualitatively that J. curcas and M. indica contains some compounds which may be utilized as phytofungicide to control Fusarium pathogens and,
As phytofertilizer to enhance millet seedlings growth in Nigeria.

13. PESTICIDAL PLANTS … Thanks to AFRICA