1. I.A.
Chapter 25
The New Deal
Mr. Robson

2. 4/16 Aim – How successful was FDR’s New Deal?
Do Now –

3. The New Deal
- Term used by FDR at Democratic convention that came to symbolize his set of programs
Mr. Robson

5. New Deal Takes Over FDR Style Gifted Politician – could “connect”
Experimented with different programs – not a rigid ideologue
Utilized new mass media, radio, effectively
Fireside “Chats” – radio address to nation – 1st about banking
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6. New Deal Takes Over FDR Style Vastly expands presidential power
Particularly in initiating legislation
“Brain Trust” – group of intellectual informal advisors
Cabinet – Labor; Francis Perkins, Interior; Harold Ickes
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7. New Deal Takes Over The 100 Days
“Bank Holiday” – all banks closed until audit conducted by Treasury
Emergency Banking Act – Introduced in 1st fireside chat
Deposits exceed withdrawals, bank closings drastically reduced
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9. New Deal Takes Over The 100 Days
15 pieced of legislation passed in first 100 days
Glass-Steagall Banking Act (1933) – separated commercial and investment banking (repealed in 1999!!!!)
Created Federal Deposit Insurance Corp (FDIC)
Mr. Robson

12. Criticism of New Deal
Conservative -
Liberal -

13. New Deal Takes Over Under Attack Attack Came from all sides
Liberty League – Conservatives and Business leaders – called new deal reckless and “socialist”
Supreme Court – Declares NRA unconstitutional – Schechter v. U.S
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14. New Deal Takes Over Francis Townsend – Old Age Revolving Pension Plan
Under Attack – Liberal
Francis Townsend – Old Age Revolving Pension Plan
Retired Elderly (over 60) to receive monthly stipend
Father Coughlin – Priest/Demagogue
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15. New Deal Takes Over Under Attack – Liberal
Huey Long (Kingfish) – Senator from Louisiana threatened to run as 3rd party
Flamboyant and popular as Gov.
Share our Wealth – True redistribution of wealth
Assassinated
Mr. Robson

18. Labor > The rise in union membership
This chart traces the percentage of the work force claiming membership in unions between 1860 and The total number of U.S. union members doubled (from four million to eight million members) between 1930 and 1940, in large measure the result of CIO organizing successes after 1936. 18

19. 1936 – Election
New Deal Coalition brought new voters into Democrat Party
Urban workers, northern blacks, union members, Catholics, Jews, liberals, middle class worried about unemployed and retirement
Held on to white southerners too!
FDR wins in landslide
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21. The Second New Deal Second term far less productive
Failed Supreme Court “packing” plan – wanted to add 6 additional justices to conservative court
Blocked by congress
Regarded as assault on Constitution
Eventually gets his way though retirements
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24. The Second New Deal Stalemate
Court defeat, 2nd term (lame duck?), conservative coalition in congress weakens his hand
Rise of Dictators in Europe didn’t help!
National Housing Act (1937)
Fair Labor Standards Act (1938)
Mr. Robson

25. Did the New Deal Work?

26. Did the New Deal Work?

27. Long Term Legacy
Change in the nature of government – People now accept federal govt. as a welfare agency – Social Security
People now accept government role in regulating economy – SEC, minimum wage, child labor, FDIC –
How much welfare, regulation will always be debated – Democrat v. Republican