1. Ottoman Historians and early Ottoman History
Review
Ottoman Historians and early Ottoman History
case study: conquest of Aydos Castle
Modern Historians and early Ottoman History
Gaza Thesis
Today’s Lecture
Who lived in fourteenth century Anatolia?
Muslims and Non-Muslims
City-dwellers

2. Early Ottoman History and modern Historians
What lent these principalities legitimacy, drew followers to them and propelled them to conquest?
Centrality of Byzantine institutions (Gibbons)
Anatolian-Turkish characteristics (Köprülü)
Islam and the religious zeal (“gaza thesis” Wittek)
Inclusive tribalism (Lindner)
Reworking of the gaza thesis (Kafadar)
Network Analysis (Barkey)

3. Why should the actions of the gazis be expected to be guided by religious animosity?
Why should they repel the non-muslims when they could appeal to them?
Non-Muslim friends and women warriors as helpers of gazis in medieval Anatolia
*Best friend is former enemy (Battalname)
*Artuhı (an Armenian?) and his beloved Efromiya (a Greek?) become co-fighters (Danişmendname)
*Princes Saljan saves Kan Turalı’s life (Book of Dede Korkut)

4. Who lived in the fourteenth century Anatolia?
Four groups (taife) among the Muslims according to the fifteenth century historian Aşıkpaşazade
Gaziyan-ı Rum
Ahiyan-ı Rum
Abdalan-ı Rum
Bacıyan-ı Rum

5. Mosque/Convent of the Orhan I complex (külliye), 1339, Bursa

6. Mosque/Convent of the Orhan I

7. Interior of the Mosque/Convent of the Orhan I complex

8. Ground plan of the Mosque/Convent of the Orhan I complex

9. Han of the Orhan I complex

10. View from inside the courtyard of the Han

11. Travels of Ibn Batutta (b. 1304?- 1377?), covering some 117,000 km

12. Ibn Battuta’s Itinerary in Anatolia and the Black Sea Region, 1330-32